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Attention mechanisms have become integral to modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs), delivering notable performance improvements with minimal computational overhead. However, the efficiency accuracy trade off of different channel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Prem Babu Kanaparthi , Tulasi Venkata Sri Varshini Padamata

The nanoPU is a new networking-optimized CPU designed to minimize tail latency for RPCs. By bypassing the cache and memory hierarchy, the nanoPU directly places arriving messages into the CPU register file. The wire-to-wire latency through…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Stephen Ibanez , Alex Mallery , Serhat Arslan , Theo Jepsen , Muhammad Shahbaz , Nick McKeown , Changhoon Kim

The in-memory computing paradigm with emerging memory devices has been recently shown to be a promising way to accelerate deep learning. Resistive processing unit (RPU) has been proposed to enable the vector-vector outer product in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Varun Bhatt , Shalini Shrivastava , Tanmay Chavan , Udayan Ganguly

As conventional silicon technology is approaching its fundamental material and physical limits with continuous scaling, there is a growing push to look for new platform to design memory circuits for nanoelectronic applications. In this…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-09-02 Md. Nahid Hossain , Masud H Chowdhury

The increasing use of Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) in computer architecture has brought about new challenges, one of which is the write endurance problem. Frequent writes to a particular cache cell in NVM can lead to degradation of the memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Keshav Krishna , Ayush Verma

High speed Full-Adder (FA) module is a critical element in designing high performance arithmetic circuits. In this paper, we propose a new high speed multiple-valued logic FA module. The proposed FA is constructed by 14 transistors and 3…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-04-05 Ashkan Khatir , Shaghayegh Abdolahzadegan , Iman Mahmoudi

Serving large language models (LLMs) at scale necessitates efficient key-value (KV) cache management. KV caches can be reused across conversation turns via shared-prefix prompts that are common in iterative code editing and chat. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Konrad Staniszewski , Adrian Łańcucki

Current day processors employ multi-level cache hierarchy with one or two levels of private caches and a shared last-level cache (LLC). An efficient cache replacement policy at LLC is essential for reducing the off-chip memory transfer as…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2013-07-25 Bijay Paikaray

In this study, a SPICE model for negative capacitance vertical nanowire field-effect-transistor (NC VNW-FET) based on BSIM-CMG model and Landau-Khalatnikov (LK) equation was presented. Suffering from the limitation of short gate length…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Weixing Huang , Huilong Zhu , Kunpeng Jia , Zhenhua Wu , Xiaogen Yin , Qiang Huo , Yongkui Zhang

SRAM-based cache memory faces several scalability limitations in deep nanoscale technologies, e.g., high leakage current, low cell stability, and low density. Emerging Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies have received lots of attention…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Elham Cheshmikhani , Fateme Shokouhinia , Hamed Farbeh

Lattice-based cryptography (LBC) exploiting Learning with Errors (LWE) problems is a promising candidate for post-quantum cryptography. Number theoretic transform (NTT) is the latency- and energy- dominant process in the computation of LWE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Dai Li , Akhil Pakala , Kaiyuan Yang

An emerging trend of next generation communication systems is to provide network edges with additional capabilities such as storage resources in the form of caches to reduce file delivery latency. To investigate this aspect, we study the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Jaber Kakar , Alaa Alameer , Anas Chaaban , Aydin Sezgin , Arogyaswami Paulraj

The exponential emergence of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has accelerated the research of hardware implementation of Deep Neural Network (DNN). Among all DNN processors, domain specific architectures, such as, Google's Tensor…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Rourab Paul , Sreetama Sarkar , Suman Sau , Koushik Chakraborty , Sanghamitra Roy , Amlan Chakrabarti

An emerging trend of next generation communication systems is to provide network edges with additional capabilities such as additional storage resources in the form of caches to reduce file delivery latency. To investigate this aspect, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Jaber Kakar , Alaa Alameer , Anas Chaaban , Aydin Sezgin , Arogyaswami Paulraj

Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) relies on the effective coordination of slow-acting devices, such as OLTCs and CBs, and fast-acting devices, such as SVGs and PV inverters, typically implemented through a hierarchical multi-stage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Qintao Du , Ran Li , Weiyi Lv , Huan Zhou , Moduo Yu , Jianzhe Liu

Carbon Nanotube (CNT) is one of the most significant materials for the development of faster and improved performance of nano-scaled transistors. This paper aims at analyzing a trade-off between device performance and device size of CNT…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-11-20 Imtiaj Khan , Ovishek Morshed , Sharif Mohammad Mominuzzaman

Variation has been shown to exist across the cells within a modern DRAM chip. We empirically demonstrate a new form of variation that exists within a real DRAM chip, induced by the design and placement of different components in the DRAM…

Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STTRAM) is a promising alternative to SRAM in on-chip caches due to several advantages. These advantages include non-volatility, low leakage, high integration density, and CMOS compatibility. Prior studies have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Kyle Kuan , Tosiron Adegbija

Battery-less technology evolved to replace battery technology. Non-volatile memory (NVM) based processors were explored to store the program state during a power failure. The energy stored in a capacitor is used for a backup during a power…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-02 SatyaJaswanth Badri , Mukesh Saini , Neeraj Goel

Due to increasing cache sizes and large leakage consumption of SRAM device, conventional SRAM caches contribute significantly to the processor power consumption. Recently researchers have used non-volatile memory devices to design caches,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Sparsh Mittal