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C. Thomassen in \cite{[11]} suggested (see also \cite{[2]}, J. C.Bermond, C. Thomassen, Cycles in Digraphs - A survey, J. Graph Theory 5 (1981) 1-43, Conjectures 1.6.7 and 1.6.8) the following conjectures : 1. Every 3-strongly connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-17 S. Kh. Darbinyan

Mader [J. Graph Theory 65 (2010) 61-69] conjectured that for every positive integer $k$ and every finite tree $T$ with order $m$, every $k$-connected, finite graph $G$ with $\delta(G)\geq \lfloor\frac{3}{2}k\rfloor+m-1$ contains a subtree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-10 Yingzhi Tian , Hong-Jian Lai , Liqiong Xu , Jixiang Meng

The Erd\H{o}s-S\'os Conjecture states that every graph with average degree exceeding $k-1$ contains every tree with $k$ edges as a subgraph. We prove that there are $\delta>0$ and $k_0\in\mathbb N$ such that the conjecture holds for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Bruce Reed , Maya Stein

In this paper we disprove three conjectures from [M. Dehmer, F. Emmert-Streib, Y. Shi, Interrelations of graph distance measures based on topological indices, PLoS ONE 9 (2014) e94985] on graph distance measures based on topological indices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Aleksandar Ilic , Milovan Ilic

The Wiener index of a connected graph is the sum of the distances between all unordered pairs of vertices. We provide formulae for the minimum Wiener index of simple triangulations and quadrangulations with connectivity at least $c$, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-23 Éva Czabarka , Trevor Olsen , Stephen Smith , László A. Székely

Klimo\v{s}ov\'a, Piguet, and Rozho\v{n} conjectured that any graph with minimum degree $k/2$ and sufficiently many vertices of degree $k$ should contain all trees with $k$ edges. We prove an asymptotic version of this conjecture for dense…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Akbar Davoodi , Diana Piguet , Hanka Řada , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

Given a graph $H$, a graph $G$ is $H$-free if $G$ does not contain $H$ as an induced subgraph. For a positive real number $t$, a non-complete graph $G$ is said to be $t$-tough if for every vertex cut $S$ of $G$, the ratio of $|S|$ to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Leyou Xu , Chengli Li , Bo Zhou

In this paper, we prove an enhanced version of the Erd\H{o}s-Lov\'asz Tihany Conjecture for line graphs of multigraphs. That is, for every graph $G$ whose chromatic number $\chi(G)$ is more than its clique number $\omega(G)$ and for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-01 Yue Wang , Gexin Yu

In a recent work, Keusch proved the so-called 1-2-3 Conjecture, raised by Karo\'nski, {\L}uczak, and Thomason in 2004: for every connected graph different from $K_2$, we can assign labels~$1,2,3$ to the edges so that no two adjacent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Julien Bensmail , Beatriz Martins , Chaoliang Tang

Let $G$ be a simple graph with vertex set $V(G)$. A set $S\subseteq V(G)$ is independent if no two vertices from $S$ are adjacent. For $X\subseteq V(G)$, the difference of $X$ is $d(X) = |X|-|N(X)|$ and an independent set $A$ is critical if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-18 Taylor Short

Given an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H=(V,E)$ and a weight function $\omega:E\to\{1,\dots,w\}$, a coloring of vertices of $H$, induced by $\omega$, is defined by $c(v) = \sum_{e\ni v} w(e)$ for all $v\in V$. If there exists such a coloring that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-11 Patrick Bennett , Andrzej Dudek , Alan Frieze , Laars Helenius

The Erd\H{o}s-S\'{o}s Conjecture states that every graph with average degree more than $k-2$ contains all trees of order $k$ as subgraphs. In this paper, we consider a variation of the above conjecture: studying the maximum size of an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-13 Long-Tu Yuan , Xiao-Dong Zhang

Sidorenko's conjecture states that, for all bipartite graphs $H$, quasirandom graphs contain asymptotically the minimum number of copies of $H$ taken over all graphs with the same order and edge density. While still open for graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-28 David Conlon , Joonkyung Lee , Alexander Sidorenko

Seymour conjectured that every oriented simple graph contains a vertex whose second neighborhood is at least as large as its first. In this note, we put forward a conjecture that we prove is actually equivalent: every oriented simple graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-15 Tyler Seacrest

Let $S$ be a set of vertices of a connected graph $G$. The Steiner distance of $S$ is the minimum size of a connected subgraph of $G$ containing all the vertices of $S$. The sum of all Steiner distances on sets of size $k$ is called the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-01 Matjaž Kovše , Rasila V A , Ambat Vijayakumar

Let $I(G)$ be a topological index of a graph. If $I(G+e)<I(G)$ (or $I(G+e)>I(G)$, respectively) for each edge $e\not\in G$, then $I(G)$ is monotonically decreasing (or increasing, respectively) with the addition of edges. In this article,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-19 Hanlin Chen , Renfang Wu , Hanyuan Deng

One of the cornerstones of extremal graph theory is a result of F\"uredi, later reproved and given due prominence by Alon, Krivelevich and Sudakov, saying that if $H$ is a bipartite graph with maximum degree $r$ on one side, then there is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-12 David Conlon , Joonkyung Lee

A theorem by Ding, Oporowski, Oxley, and Vertigan states that every sufficiently large bipartite graph without twins contains a matching, co-matching, or half-graph of any given size as an induced subgraph. We prove that this Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Tomáš Hons

In this paper, we investigate how the Wiener index of unicyclic graphs varies with graph operations. These results are used to present a sharp lower bound for the Wiener index of unicyclic graphs of order $n$ with girth and the matching…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-01 Ya-Hong Chen , Xiao-Dong Zhang

In 1984, Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits conjectured the following: given a bipartite graph $H$, there exist constants $\beta, C > 0$ such that any graph $G$ on $n$ vertices and $pn^2\geq C \mathrm{ex}(n, H)$ edges contains at least $\beta…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Zihao Jin , Sean Longbrake , Liana Yepremyan