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We consider the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation (LLG), which models time-dependent micromagnetic phenomena. We analyze a fully discrete scheme that combines first-order finite elements in space with a BDF2 method in time. The method…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Michele Aldé , Dirk Praetorius , Michael Feischl

The convergence analysis of a third-order scheme for the highly nonlinear Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with a non-convex constraint is considered. In this paper, we first present a fully discrete semi-implicit method for solving the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Changjian Xie , Cheng Wang

We consider the numerical approximation of a nonlinear system of partial differential equations modeling magnetostriction in the small-strain regime consisting of the Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert equation for the magnetization and the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Martin Kružík , Hywel Normington , Michele Ruggeri

An extended Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation is introduced to describe the dynamics of inhomogeneous magnetization in a current-carrying wire. The coefficients of all the terms in this equation are calculated quantum-mechanically for…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 D. M. Edwards , O. Wessely

A third-order accurate implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta time marching numerical scheme is proposed and implemented for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, which models magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic materials, with arbitrary damping…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Yan Gui , Rui Du , Cheng Wang

Combining ideas from [Alouges et al. (Numer. Math., 128, 2014)] and [Praetorius et al. (Comput. Math. Appl., 2017)], we propose a numerical algorithm for the integration of the nonlinear and time-dependent Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-02 Giovanni Di Fratta , Carl-Martin Pfeiler , Dirk Praetorius , Michele Ruggeri , Bernhard Stiftner

Magnetization dynamics is commonly described by the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. On picosecond timescales, inertial and open-system extensions of the LLG equation are necessary to interpret recent experiments. We show…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-20 Felix Hartmann , Finja Tietjen , R. Matthias Geilhufe , Janet Anders

In conventional micromagnetism magnetic domain configurations are calculated based on a continuum theory for the magnetization which is assumed to be of constant length in time and space. Dynamics is usually described with the…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-05-05 O. Chubykalo-Fesenko , U. Nowak , R. W. Chantrell , D. Garanin

For the Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert (LLG) equation of micromagnetics we study linearly implicit backward difference formula (BDF) time discretizations up to order $5$ combined with higher-order non-conforming finite element space…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Georgios Akrivis , Michael Feischl , Balázs Kovács , Christian Lubich

We propose and implement a third-order accurate numerical scheme for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, which describes magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic materials under large damping parameters. This method offers two key…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Changjian Xie , Cheng Wang

The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation has emerged as a fundamental and indispensable framework within the realm of magnetism. However, solving the LLG equation, encompassing full nonlinearity amidst intricate complexities, presents…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2023-08-17 Xin-Wei Jin , Zhan-Ying Yang , Zhimin Liao , Guangyin Jing , Wen-Li Yang

A second order accurate, linear numerical method is analyzed for the Landau-Lifshitz equation with large damping parameters. This equation describes the dynamics of magnetization, with a non-convexity constraint of unit length of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Yongyong Cai , Jingrun Chen , Cheng Wang , Changjian Xie

To describe and simulate dynamic micromagnetic phenomena, we consider a coupled system of the nonlinear Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and the conservation of momentum equation. This coupling allows to include magnetostrictive effects…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-12-10 L'ubomir Banas , Marcus Page , Dirk Praetorius , Jonathan Rochat

The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation yields a mathematical model to describe the evolution of the magnetization of a magnetic material, particularly in response to an external applied magnetic field. It allows one to take into account…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-15 Tram Thi Ngoc Nguyen , Anne Wald

This paper discusses the theory and numerical method of two-scale analysis for the multiscale Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in composite ferromagnetic materials. The novelty of this work can be summarized in three aspects: Firstly, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-25 Xiaofei Guan , Hang Qi , Zhiwei Sun

The classical Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation has long served as a cornerstone for modeling magnetization dynamics in magnetic systems, yet its classical nature limits its applicability to inherently quantum phenomena such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-25 Vahid Azimi-Mousolou , Davoud Mirzaei

The dynamics of a magnetic moment or spin are of high interest to applications in technology. Dissipation in these systems is therefore of importance for improvement of efficiency of devices, such as the ones proposed in spintronics. A…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-29 Robin C. Verstraten , Tim Ludwig , Rembert A. Duine , Cristiane Morais Smith

To address the magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic materials described by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation under large damping parameters, a third-order accurate numerical scheme is developed by building upon a second-order method…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Changjian Xie , Cheng Wang

The conventional Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation is a widely used tool to describe dynamics of local magnetic moments, viewed as classical vectors of fixed length, with their change assumed to take place simultaneously with the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-04-10 Utkarsh Bajpai , Branislav K. Nikolic

Precise modeling of the magnetization dynamics of nanoparticles with finite size effects at fast varying temperatures is a computationally challenging task. Based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch (LLB) equation we derive a coarse grained model…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-08-07 Christoph Vogler , Claas Abert , Florian Bruckner , Dieter Suess