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Humans and animals solve a difficult problem much more easily when they are presented with a sequence of problems that starts simple and slowly increases in difficulty. We explore this idea in the context of reinforcement learning. Rather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Jan Malte Lichtenberg , Özgür Şimşek

Re-inforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been effective in the task of AI alignment. However, one of the key assumptions of RLHF is that the annotators (referred to as workers from here on out) have a homogeneous response…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Sarvesh Shashidhar , Abhishek Mishra , Madhav Kotecha

Among the great successes of Reinforcement Learning (RL), self-play algorithms play an essential role in solving competitive games. Current self-play algorithms optimize the agent to maximize expected win-rates against its current or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Yuhua Jiang , Qihan Liu , Xiaoteng Ma , Chenghao Li , Yiqin Yang , Jun Yang , Bin Liang , Qianchuan Zhao

To develop driving automation technologies for human, a human-centered methodology should be adopted for ensured safety and satisfactory user experience. Automated lane change decision in dense highway traffic is challenging, especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Daofei Li , Ao Liu

Combined with demonstrations, deep reinforcement learning can efficiently develop policies for manipulators. However, it takes time to collect sufficient high-quality demonstrations in practice. And human demonstrations may be unsuitable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Liu Haofeng , Chen Yiwen , Tan Jiayi , Marcelo H Ang

Experience replay is a foundational technique in reinforcement learning that enhances learning stability by storing past experiences in a replay buffer and reusing them during training. Despite its practical success, its theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-14 Jiale Han , Xiaowu Dai , Yuhua Zhu

Recent progress in Reinforcement Learning (RL), fueled by its combination, with Deep Learning has enabled impressive results in learning to interact with complex virtual environments, yet real-world applications of RL are still scarce. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Vitaly Kurin , Sebastian Nowozin , Katja Hofmann , Lucas Beyer , Bastian Leibe

Traffic simulators are important tools in autonomous driving development. While continuous progress has been made to provide developers more options for modeling various traffic participants, tuning these models to increase their behavioral…

This study addresses the challenges of dynamics and complexity in intelligent human-computer interaction and proposes a reinforcement learning-based optimization framework to improve long-term returns and overall experience. Human-computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rui Liu , Yifan Zhuang , Runsheng Zhang

With the breakthrough of AlphaGo, deep reinforcement learning becomes a recognized technique for solving sequential decision-making problems. Despite its reputation, data inefficiency caused by its trial and error learning mechanism makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Qiyue Yin , Tongtong Yu , Shengqi Shen , Jun Yang , Meijing Zhao , Kaiqi Huang , Bin Liang , Liang Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) systems can be complex and non-interpretable, making it challenging for non-AI experts to understand or intervene in their decisions. This is due in part to the sequential nature of RL in which actions are chosen…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Amal Alabdulkarim , Madhuri Singh , Gennie Mansi , Kaely Hall , Upol Ehsan , Mark O. Riedl

A key theme in the past decade has been that when large neural networks and large datasets combine they can produce remarkable results. In deep reinforcement learning (RL), this paradigm is commonly made possible through experience replay,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Cong Lu , Philip J. Ball , Yee Whye Teh , Jack Parker-Holder

Training intelligent agents through reinforcement learning is a notoriously unstable procedure. Massive parallelization on GPUs and distributed systems has been exploited to generate a large amount of training experiences and consequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Greg Heinrich , Iuri Frosio

Much of recent Deep Reinforcement Learning success is owed to the neural architecture's potential to learn and use effective internal representations of the world. While many current algorithms access a simulator to train with a large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Amir Ardalan Kalantari , Mohammad Amini , Sarath Chandar , Doina Precup

Building upon the recent success of deep reinforcement learning methods, we investigate the possibility of on-policy reinforcement learning improvement by reusing the data from several consecutive policies. On-policy methods bring many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Dmitry Kangin , Nicolas Pugeault

We propose a distributed architecture for deep reinforcement learning at scale, that enables agents to learn effectively from orders of magnitude more data than previously possible. The algorithm decouples acting from learning: the actors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Dan Horgan , John Quan , David Budden , Gabriel Barth-Maron , Matteo Hessel , Hado van Hasselt , David Silver

The idea of experience sharing between cooperative agents naturally emerges from our understanding of how humans learn. Our evolution as a species is tightly linked to the ability to exchange learned knowledge with one another. It follows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Lucas Oliveira Souza , Gabriel de Oliveira Ramos , Celia Ghedini Ralha

Experience replay is central to off-policy algorithms in deep reinforcement learning (RL), but there remain significant gaps in our understanding. We therefore present a systematic and extensive analysis of experience replay in Q-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 William Fedus , Prajit Ramachandran , Rishabh Agarwal , Yoshua Bengio , Hugo Larochelle , Mark Rowland , Will Dabney

We propose a new method to study the internal memory used by reinforcement learning policies. We estimate the amount of relevant past information by estimating mutual information between behavior histories and the current action of an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Christoph Dann , Katja Hofmann , Sebastian Nowozin

Conveying complex objectives to reinforcement learning (RL) agents can often be difficult, involving meticulous design of reward functions that are sufficiently informative yet easy enough to provide. Human-in-the-loop RL methods allow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Kimin Lee , Laura Smith , Pieter Abbeel