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Even though reinforcement-learning-based algorithms achieved superhuman performance in many domains, the field of robotics poses significant challenges as the state and action spaces are continuous, and the reward function is predominantly…

Experience replay enables reinforcement learning agents to memorize and reuse past experiences, just as humans replay memories for the situation at hand. Contemporary off-policy algorithms either replay past experiences uniformly or utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Kaixiong Zhou , Xia Hu

Human learning relies on specialization -- distinct cognitive mechanisms working together to enable rapid learning. In contrast, most modern neural networks rely on a single mechanism: gradient descent over an objective function. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Daniel Weitekamp , Christopher MacLellan , Erik Harpstead , Kenneth Koedinger

In addition to their undisputed success in solving classical optimization problems, neuroevolutionary and population-based algorithms have become an alternative to standard reinforcement learning methods. However, evolutionary methods often…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Jörg Stork , Martin Zaefferer , Nils Eisler , Patrick Tichelmann , Thomas Bartz-Beielstein , A. E. Eiben

Recent times have witnessed sharp improvements in reinforcement learning tasks using deep reinforcement learning techniques like Deep Q Networks, Policy Gradients, Actor Critic methods which are based on deep learning based models and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Uddeshya Upadhyay , Nikunj Shah , Sucheta Ravikanti , Mayanka Medhe

Reinforcement learning agents learn by encouraging behaviours which maximize their total reward, usually provided by the environment. In many environments, however, the reward is provided after a series of actions rather than each single…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Mohammad Reza Bonyadi , Rui Wang , Maryam Ziaei

This paper introduces a novel method for learning how to play the most difficult Atari 2600 games from the Arcade Learning Environment using deep reinforcement learning. The proposed method, human checkpoint replay, consists in using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Ionel-Alexandru Hosu , Traian Rebedea

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms can learn complex behavioral skills, but real-world application of these methods requires a large amount of experience to be collected by the agent. In practical settings, such as robotics, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Benjamin Eysenbach , Shixiang Gu , Julian Ibarz , Sergey Levine

With the fast improvement of machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) has been used to automate human tasks in different areas. However, training such agents is difficult and restricted to expert users. Moreover, it is mostly limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 André Correia , Luís A. Alexandre

Experience replay plays a crucial role in improving the sample efficiency of deep reinforcement learning agents. Recent advances in experience replay propose using Mixup (Zhang et al., 2018) to further improve sample efficiency via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Ryan Sander , Wilko Schwarting , Tim Seyde , Igor Gilitschenski , Sertac Karaman , Daniela Rus

In reinforcement learning (RL), key components of many algorithms are the exploration strategy and replay buffer. These strategies regulate what environment data is collected and trained on and have been extensively studied in the RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Max Weltevrede , Matthijs T. J. Spaan , Wendelin Böhmer

While off-policy reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are sample efficient due to gradient-based updates and data reuse in the replay buffer, they struggle with convergence to local optima due to limited exploration. On the other hand,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Bowen Zheng , Ran Cheng

Making sophisticated, robust, and safe sequential decisions is at the heart of intelligent systems. This is especially critical for planning in complex multi-agent environments, where agents need to anticipate other agents' intentions and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Yichuan Charlie Tang

Deep Reinforcement Learning has proved to be able to solve many control tasks in different fields, but the behavior of these systems is not always as expected when deployed in real-world scenarios. This is mainly due to the lack of domain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Alessandro Paolo Capasso , Giulio Bacchiani , Alberto Broggi

The performance of imitation learning is typically upper-bounded by the performance of the demonstrator. While recent empirical results demonstrate that ranked demonstrations allow for better-than-demonstrator performance, preferences over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Daniel S. Brown , Wonjoon Goo , Scott Niekum

In reinforcement learning, Reverse Experience Replay (RER) is a recently proposed algorithm that attains better sample complexity than the classic experience replay method. RER requires the learning algorithm to update the parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Nan Jiang , Jinzhao Li , Yexiang Xue

This paper investigates how to utilize different forms of human interaction to safely train autonomous systems in real-time by learning from both human demonstrations and interventions. We implement two components of the Cycle-of-Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Vinicius G. Goecks , Gregory M. Gremillion , Vernon J. Lawhern , John Valasek , Nicholas R. Waytowich

Many currently deployed Reinforcement Learning agents work in an environment shared with humans, be them co-workers, users or clients. It is desirable that these agents adjust to people's preferences, learn faster thanks to their help, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Hélène Plisnier , Denis Steckelmacher , Tim Brys , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé

Despite advancements in deep reinforcement learning algorithms, developing an effective exploration strategy is still an open problem. Most existing exploration strategies either are based on simple heuristics, or require the model of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Arash Mahyari

Training chatbots using the reinforcement learning paradigm is challenging due to high-dimensional states, infinite action spaces and the difficulty in specifying the reward function. We address such problems using clustered actions instead…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Heriberto Cuayáhuitl , Donghyeon Lee , Seonghan Ryu , Sungja Choi , Inchul Hwang , Jihie Kim