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Related papers: Bayesian brains and the R\'enyi divergence

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In Reinforcement Learning (RL), agents aim at maximizing cumulative rewards in a given environment. During the learning process, RL agents face the dilemma of exploitation and exploration: leveraging existing knowledge to acquire rewards or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Chenfan Weng , Zhongguo Li

L\'evy walks are found in the migratory behaviour patterns of various organisms, and the reason for this phenomenon has been much discussed. We use simulations to demonstrate that learning causes the changes in confidence level during…

To make informed decisions in natural environments that change over time, humans must update their beliefs as new observations are gathered. Studies exploring human inference as a dynamical process that unfolds in time have focused on…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-03 Arthur Prat-Carrabin , Robert C. Wilson , Jonathan D. Cohen , Rava Azeredo da Silveira

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) combine the expressive power of deep learning with the advantages of Bayesian formalism. In recent years, the analysis of wide, deep BNNs has provided theoretical insight into their priors and posteriors.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Beau Coker , Wessel P. Bruinsma , David R. Burt , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Neural networks have achieved remarkable performance across various problem domains, but their widespread applicability is hindered by inherent limitations such as overconfidence in predictions, lack of interpretability, and vulnerability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-29 Julyan Arbel , Konstantinos Pitas , Mariia Vladimirova , Vincent Fortuin

Recursive Bayesian inference (RBI) provides optimal Bayesian latent variable estimates in real-time settings with streaming noisy observations. Active RBI attempts to effectively select queries that lead to more informative observations to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Yeganeh M. Marghi , Aziz Kocanaogullari , Murat Akcakaya , Deniz Erdogmus

For nonlinear supervised learning models, assessing the importance of predictor variables or their interactions is not straightforward because it can vary in the domain of the variables. Importance can be assessed locally with sensitivity…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-14 Topi Paananen , Michael Riis Andersen , Aki Vehtari

Human cooperation depends on how accurately we infer others' motives--how much they value fairness, generosity, or self-interest from the choices they make. We model that process in binary dictator games, which isolate moral trade-offs…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-12 Gregory Stanley , Jun Zhang , Rick Lewis

We introduce a factor analysis model that summarizes the dependencies between observed variable groups, instead of dependencies between individual variables as standard factor analysis does. A group may correspond to one view of the same…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-19 Seppo Virtanen , Arto Klami , Suleiman A. Khan , Samuel Kaski

The key distinguishing property of a Bayesian approach is marginalization instead of optimization, not the prior, or Bayes rule. Bayesian inference is especially compelling for deep neural networks. (1) Neural networks are typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Andrew Gordon Wilson

We generalise the problem of inverse reinforcement learning to multiple tasks, from multiple demonstrations. Each one may represent one expert trying to solve a different task, or as different experts trying to solve the same task. Our main…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-09-04 Christos Dimitrakakis , Constantin Rothkopf

The advances in variational inference are providing promising paths in Bayesian estimation problems. These advances make variational phylogenetic inference an alternative approach to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods for approximating the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-12 Amine M. Remita , Golrokh Vitae , Abdoulaye Baniré Diallo

Designing fair algorithmic decision systems requires balancing model performance with fairness toward affected individuals: More fairness might require sacrificing some performance and vice versa, yet the space of possible trade-offs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mieke Wilms , Christoph Heitz

Geoscientists often solve inverse problems to estimate values of parameters of interest given relevant data sets. Bayesian inference solves these problems by combining probability distributions that describe uncertainties in both…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-04-30 Xuebin Zhao , Andrew Curtis , Klaus Mosegaard

Bayesian variable selection often assumes normality, but the effects of model misspecification are not sufficiently understood. There are sound reasons behind this assumption, particularly for large $p$: ease of interpretation, analytical…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-07 David Rossell , Francisco J. Rubio

Datasets are rarely a realistic approximation of the target population. Say, prevalence is misrepresented, image quality is above clinical standards, etc. This mismatch is known as sampling bias. Sampling biases are a major hindrance for…

Bayesian Reinforcement Learning (RL) is capable of not only incorporating domain knowledge, but also solving the exploration-exploitation dilemma in a natural way. As Bayesian RL is intractable except for special cases, previous work has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-06-14 Kenji Kawaguchi , Mauricio Araya

This essay looks at decision-making with interval-valued probability measures. Existing decision methods have either supplemented expected utility methods with additional criteria of optimality, or have attempted to supplement the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Ronald P. Loui

We derive the optimal differential privacy (DP) parameters of a mechanism that satisfies a given level of R\'enyi differential privacy (RDP). Our result is based on the joint range of two $f$-divergences that underlie the approximate and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Shahab Asoodeh , Jiachun Liao , Flavio P. Calmon , Oliver Kosut , Lalitha Sankar

R\'enyi divergences play a pivotal role in information theory, statistics, and machine learning. While several estimators of these divergences have been proposed in the literature with their consistency properties established and minimax…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Sreejith Sreekumar , Kengo Kato