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In the field of face recognition, it is always a hot research topic to improve the loss solution to make the face features extracted by the network have greater discriminative power. Research works in recent years has improved the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Meng Sang , Jiaxuan Chen , Mengzhen Li , Pan Tan , Anning Pan , Shan Zhao , Yang Yang

Recently, a popular line of research in face recognition is adopting margins in the well-established softmax loss function to maximize class separability. In this paper, we first introduce an Additive Angular Margin Loss (ArcFace), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Jiankang Deng , Jia Guo , Jing Yang , Niannan Xue , Irene Kotsia , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Feature learning is a widely used method employed for large-scale face recognition. Recently, large-margin softmax loss methods have demonstrated significant enhancements on deep face recognition. These methods propose fixed positive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Chingis Oinar , Binh M. Le , Simon S. Woo

Face recognition has witnessed significant progress due to the advances of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the central task of which is how to improve the feature discrimination. To this end, several margin-based (\textit{e.g.},…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Xiaobo Wang , Shifeng Zhang , Shuo Wang , Tianyu Fu , Hailin Shi , Tao Mei

The margin-based softmax loss functions greatly enhance intra-class compactness and perform well on the tasks of face recognition and object classification. Outperformance, however, depends on the careful hyperparameter selection. Moreover,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-18 JT Wu , L. Wang

Recognizability, a key perceptual factor in human face processing, strongly affects the performance of face recognition (FR) systems in both verification and identification tasks. Effectively using recognizability to enhance feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Duc-Phuong Doan-Ngo , Thanh-Dang Diep , Thanh Nguyen-Duc , Thanh-Sach LE , Nam Thoai

One of the main challenges for feature representation in deep learning-based classification is the design of appropriate loss functions that exhibit strong discriminative power. The classical softmax loss does not explicitly encourage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Xiong Zhou , Xianming Liu , Deming Zhai , Junjun Jiang , Xin Gao , Xiangyang Ji

Most classification models can be considered as the process of matching templates. However, when intra-class uncertainty/variability is not considered, especially for datasets containing unbalanced classes, this may lead to classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 He Zhu , Shan Yu

Data for face analysis often exhibit highly-skewed class distribution, i.e., most data belong to a few majority classes, while the minority classes only contain a scarce amount of instances. To mitigate this issue, contemporary deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Chen Huang , Yining Li , Chen Change Loy , Xiaoou Tang

Large facial variations are the main challenge in face recognition. To this end, previous variation-specific methods make full use of task-related prior to design special network losses, which are typically not general among different tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Yuge Huang , Pengcheng Shen , Ying Tai , Shaoxin Li , Xiaoming Liu , Jilin Li , Feiyue Huang , Rongrong Ji

This paper addresses deep face recognition (FR) problem under open-set protocol, where ideal face features are expected to have smaller maximal intra-class distance than minimal inter-class distance under a suitably chosen metric space.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Weiyang Liu , Yandong Wen , Zhiding Yu , Ming Li , Bhiksha Raj , Le Song

Recognition in low quality face datasets is challenging because facial attributes are obscured and degraded. Advances in margin-based loss functions have resulted in enhanced discriminability of faces in the embedding space. Further,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Minchul Kim , Anil K. Jain , Xiaoming Liu

Face recognition has achieved great progress owing to the fast development of the deep neural network in the past a few years. As an important part of deep neural networks, a number of the loss functions have been proposed which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Xin Wei , Hui Wang , Bryan Scotney , Huan Wan

Learning discriminative face features plays a major role in building high-performing face recognition models. The recent state-of-the-art face recognition solutions proposed to incorporate a fixed penalty margin on commonly used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Fadi Boutros , Naser Damer , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper

Face recognition is an open-set problem requiring high discriminative power to ensure that intra-class distances remain smaller than inter-class distances. Margin-based softmax losses, such as SphereFace, CosFace, and ArcFace, have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Jinhui Zheng , Xueyuan Gong

In face recognition, designing margin-based (e.g., angular, additive, additive angular margins) softmax loss functions plays an important role in learning discriminative features. However, these hand-crafted heuristic methods are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Xiaobo Wang , Shuo Wang , Cheng Chi , Shifeng Zhang , Tao Mei

In real-world applications of multi-class classification models, misclassification in an important class (e.g., stop sign) can be significantly more harmful than in other classes (e.g., speed limit). In this paper, we propose a loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Daiki Nishiyama , Kazuto Fukuchi , Youhei Akimoto , Jun Sakuma

Deep-learning architectures for classification problems involve the cross-entropy loss sometimes assisted with auxiliary loss functions like center loss, contrastive loss and triplet loss. These auxiliary loss functions facilitate better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Hongjun Choi , Anirudh Som , Pavan Turaga

Traditional deep learning models rely on methods such as softmax cross-entropy and ArcFace loss for tasks like classification and face recognition. These methods mainly explore angular features in a hyperspherical space, often resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Chiranjeev Chiranjeev , Muskan Dosi , Kartik Thakral , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

With the development of deep learning, Deep Metric Learning (DML) has achieved great improvements in face recognition. Specifically, the widely used softmax loss in the training process often bring large intra-class variations, and feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-02 Bowen Wu , Huaming Wu , Monica M. Y. Zhang
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