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We present a method to downscale idealized geophysical fluid simulations using generative models based on diffusion maps. By analyzing the Fourier spectra of images drawn from different data distributions, we show how one can chain together…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Tobias Bischoff , Katherine Deck

Modeling transformations between arbitrary data distributions is a fundamental scientific challenge, arising in applications like drug discovery and evolutionary simulation. While flow matching offers a natural framework for this task, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Shiye Su , Yuhui Zhang , Linqi Zhou , Rajesh Ranganath , Serena Yeung-Levy

Based on machine learning techniques, we propose a novel method to estimate flow fields using only floating sensor locations. This method does not require either ground-truth velocity fields or governing equations for fluid flows, which is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-07 Tomoya Oura , Reno Miura , Koji Fukagata

Physical systems with complex unsteady dynamics, such as fluid flows, are often poorly represented by a single mean solution. For many practical applications, it is crucial to access the full distribution of possible states, from which…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Mario Lino , Tobias Pfaff , Nils Thuerey

Data-driven modelling and synthesis of motion is an active research area with applications that include animation, games, and social robotics. This paper introduces a new class of probabilistic, generative, and controllable motion-data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Gustav Eje Henter , Simon Alexanderson , Jonas Beskow

We propose an inference-time scaling approach for pretrained flow models. Recently, inference-time scaling has gained significant attention in LLMs and diffusion models, improving sample quality or better aligning outputs with user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jaihoon Kim , Taehoon Yoon , Jisung Hwang , Minhyuk Sung

In many scientific applications, the target probability distribution cannot be evaluated in closed form or sampled from directly. Instead, it can often be decomposed into multiple components, some of which are accessible only through…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Roxana Darvishi , David C. Stenning , Ted von Hippel , Owen G. Ward

Data-carving methods perform selective inference by conditioning the distribution of data on the observed selection event. However, existing data-carving approaches typically require an analytically tractable characterization of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-03 Sifan Liu , Snigdha Panigrahi

The unsupervised task of aligning two or more distributions in a shared latent space has many applications including fair representations, batch effect mitigation, and unsupervised domain adaptation. Existing flow-based approaches estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Zeyu Zhou , Ziyu Gong , Pradeep Ravikumar , David I. Inouye

The ability of Flow Matching (FM) to model complex conditional distributions has established it as the state-of-the-art for prediction tasks (e.g., robotics, weather forecasting). However, deployment in safety-critical settings is hindered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Constantinos Tsakonas , Serena Ivaldi , Jean-Baptiste Mouret

Estimating three-dimensional conformations of a molecular graph allows insight into the molecule's biological and chemical functions. Fast generation of valid conformations is thus central to molecular modeling. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sohil Atul Shah , Vladlen Koltun

The Heatbath Algorithm is commonly used for sampling in local lattice field theories, but performing exact updates or sampling from the local density is challenging when dealing with continuous variables. Heatbath methods rely on…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Ali Faraz , Ankur Singha , Dipankar Chakrabarti , Shinichi Nakajima , Vipul Arora

Flow matching has emerged as a powerful generative modeling approach with flexible choices of source distribution. While Gaussian distributions are commonly used, the potential for better alternatives in high-dimensional data generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Junho Lee , Kwanseok Kim , Joonseok Lee

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

The Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) sampling algorithm exploits Hamiltonian dynamics to construct efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), which has become increasingly popular in machine learning and statistics. Since HMC uses the gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Minghao Gu , Shiliang Sun

In this paper, we propose a general methodology for sampling from un-normalized densities defined on Riemannian manifolds, with a particular focus on multi-modal targets that remain challenging for existing sampling methods. Inspired by the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Alain Durmus , Maxence Noble , Thibaut Pellerin

We formulate a new class of conditional generative models based on probability flows. Trained with maximum likelihood, it provides efficient inference and sampling from class-conditionals or the joint distribution, and does not require a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Micha Livne , David Fleet

The growing demand for text-to-image generation has led to rapid advances in generative modeling. Recently, text-to-image diffusion models trained with flow matching algorithms, such as FLUX, have achieved remarkable progress and emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zikai Zhou , Muyao Wang , Shitong Shao , Lichen Bai , Haoyi Xiong , Bo Han , Zeke Xie

Many data-driven decision problems are formulated using a nominal distribution estimated from historical data, while performance is ultimately determined by a deployment distribution that may be shifted, context-dependent, partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xiuyuan Cheng , Yunqin Zhu , Yao Xie

Variable selection for high-dimensional, highly correlated data has long been a challenging problem, often yielding unstable and unreliable models. We propose a resample-aggregate framework that exploits diffusion models' ability to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-20 Minjie Wang , Xiaotong Shen , Wei Pan