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The theoretical base for consciousness, in particular an explanation of how consciousness is defined by the brain, has long been sought by science. We propose a partial theory of consciousness as relations defined by typical data. The…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2013-01-01 Jonathan W. Mason

The mysterious phenomenon of consciousness, after having been the subject of philosophic attention for few millennia, has drawn much scientific curiosity in recent decades; and many brilliant minds of various areas of sciences are trying to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-01 Jahan N. Schad

Human cognition is a complex process facilitated by the intricate architecture of human brain. However, human cognition is often reduced to quantum theory based events in principle because of their correlative conjectures for the purpose of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Ishwarya M S , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Axiomatic approach has demonstrated its power in mathematics. The main goal of this preprint is to show that axiomatic methods are also very efficient for computer science. It is possible to apply these methods to many problems in computer…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Burgin

Using learning objectives to define designer intents for communicative visualizations can be a powerful design tool. Cognitive and affective objectives are concrete and specific, which can be translated to assessments when creating,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Elsie Lee-Robbins , Eytan Adar

This paper has two tightly intertwined aims: (i) To introduce an intuitive and universal graphical calculus for multi-qubit systems, the ZX-calculus, which greatly simplifies derivations in the area of quantum computation and information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Bob Coecke , Ross Duncan

Humans have the ability to report the contents of their subjective experience - we can say to each other, "I am aware of X". The decision processes that support these reports about mental contents remain poorly understood. In this article I…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-04 Stephen M. Fleming

The hard problem of consciousness is the question how subjective experience arises from brain matter. I suggest exploring the possibility that quantum physics could be part of the answer. The simultaneous unity and complexity of subjective…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-06-04 Christoph Simon

There are inherent limits in classical computation for it to serve as an adequate model of human cognition. In particular, non-commutativity, while ubiquitous in physics and psychology, cannot be sufficiently handled. We propose that we…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-14 Hongbin Wang , Jack W. Smith , Yanlong Sun

Processes undergoing quantum mechanics, exhibit quantum interference effects. In this case quantum probabilities result to be different from classical probabilities because they contain an additional main point that in fact is called the…

The problem of explaining the relationship between subjective experience and physical reality remains difficult and unresolved. In most explanations, consciousness is epiphenomenal, without causal power. The most notable exception is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-26 John Sanfey

We examine four approaches for dealing with the logical omniscience problem and their potential applicability: the syntactic approach, awareness, algorithmic knowledge, and impossible possible worlds. Although in some settings these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

Experiments in cognitive science and decision theory show that the ways in which people combine concepts and make decisions cannot be described by classical logic and probability theory. This has serious implications for applied disciplines…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-08 Diederik Aerts , Liane Gabora , Sandro Sozzo , Tomas Veloz

We discuss the repercussions of the development of infinitesimal calculus into modern analysis, beginning with viewpoints expressed in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and relating them to the natural cognitive development of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2011-10-27 Mikhail G. Katz , David Tall

The first quantitative neural network model of feelings and emotions is proposed on the base of available data on their neuroscience and evolutionary biology nature, and on a neural network human memory model which admits distinct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Petro M. Gopych

Visual thinking plays an important role in scientific reasoning. Based on the research in automating diverse reasoning tasks about dynamical systems, nonlinear controllers, kinematic mechanisms, and fluid motion, we have identified a style…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-09-25 K. Yip , F. Zhao

We try to perform geometrization of cognitive science and psychology by representing information states of cognitive systems by points of {\it mental space} given by a hierarchic $m$-adic tree. Associations are represented by balls and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Andrei Khrennikov

We present a form of algebraic reasoning for computational objects which are expressed as graphs. Edges describe the flow of data between primitive operations which are represented by vertices. These graphs have an interface made of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-07-23 Lucas Dixon , Ross Duncan , Aleks Kissinger

The unique and beautiful character of certain mathematical results and proofs is often considered one of the most gratifying aspects of engaging with mathematics. We study whether this perception of mathematical arguments having an…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-11-23 Samuel G. B. Johnson , Stefan Steinerberger

To make nature mathematically tractable, the scientific model of the world omits qualia--colors, sounds, tastes, sensations--leaving only what admits of numerical characterization. The "hard problem" of consciousness--the enigma of why and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-20 T. R. Le