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The origin of dust in the early Universe has been the subject of considerable debate. Core-collapse supernovae (ccSNe), which occur several million years after their massive progenitors form, could be a major source of that dust, as in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-09-05 J. Rho , T. R. Geballe , D. P. K. Banerjee , L. Dessart , A. Evans , V. Joshi

Large discrepancies are found between observational estimates and theoretical predictions when exploring the characteristics of dust formed in the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae. We revisit the scenario of dust production in typical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Arkaprabha Sarangi

In the 2021 outburst of RS Ophiuchi, the gamma- and the X-ray flux were measured quasi-simultaneously from day 1 after the optical peak, offering the first comprehensive view of shocks in a nova occurring in a symbiotic system. We present a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-22 Marina Orio , Gerardo Juan M. Luna , Ehud Behar , Rebecca Diesing , Jay Gallagher , Joanna Mikolajewska , Jan-Uwe Ness

Core-collapse supernovae (CC SNe), especially Type II-Plateau ones, are thought to be important contributors to cosmic dust production. SN 2004dj, one of the closest and brightest SN since 1987A, offered a good opportunity to examine dust…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 T. Szalai , J. Vinkó , Z. Balog , A. Gáspár , M. Block , L. L. Kiss

We present radio observations (1--40 GHz) for 36 classical novae, representing data from over five decades compiled from the literature, telescope archives, and our own programs. Our targets display a striking diversity in their optical…

V1674 Her is the fastest ($t_2\sim 1$ day) classical nova in our Galaxy and its absolute $V$ peak of $M_{V,\rm max}\sim -10.2$ is one magnitude brighter than typical very fast novae. Such a nova is sometimes called a superbright nova. Using…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 Izumi Hachisu , Maiko Kato

Nova Cen 2013 (V1369 Cen) is the fourth bright nova observed panchromatically through high resolution UV+optical multi epoch spectroscopy. It is also the nova with the richest set of spectra (both in terms of data quality and number of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 Elena Mason , Steven N. Shore , Ivan De Gennaro Aquino , Luca Izzo , Kim Page , Greg J. Schwarz

On March 2010, the symbiotic binary V407 Cyg erupted as a result of a nova explosion. The event gave rise to a two-week long burst of >100MeV gamma-rays detected by Fermi/LAT, a unique observation testifying to particle acceleration in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Pierrick Martin , Guillaume Dubus

We present BeppoSAX observations of Nova Velorum 1999 (V382 Vel), done in a broad X-ray band covering 0.1-300 keV only 15 days after the discovery and again after 6 months. The nova was detected at day 15 with the BeppoSAX instruments in…

The recurrent nova (RN) V745 Scorpii underwent its third known outburst on 2014 February 6. Infrared monitoring of the eruption on an almost daily basis, starting from 1.3d after discovery, shows the emergence of a powerful blast wave…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-19 D. P. K. Banerjee , Vishal Joshi , V. Venkataraman , N. M. Ashok , G. H. Marion , E. Y. Hsiao , A. Raj

We present near infrared spectroscopy of Nova Herculis 2021 (V1674 Her), obtained over the first 70 days of its evolution. This fastest nova on record displays a rich emission line spectrum, including strong coronal line emission with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-24 C. E. Woodward , D. P. K. Banerjee , T. R. Geballe , K. L. Page , S. Starrfield , R. M. Wagner

SN 2006jc is a peculiar supernova (SN), in which the formation of dust has been confirmed at an early epoch of ~50 days after the explosion. We investigate the possibility of such an earlier formation of dust grains in the expanding ejecta…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. Nozawa , T. Kozasa , N. Tominaga , I. Sakon , M. Tanaka , T. Suzuki , K. Nomoto , K. Maeda , H. Umeda , M. Limongi , T. Onaka

We report the detection of super-hard (>10 keV) X-ray emission extending up to 70 keV from the classical nova V2491 Cygni using the Suzaku observatory. We conducted two ~20 ks target-of-opportunity observations 9 and 29 days after the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-01-15 D. Takei , M. Tsujimoto , S. Kitamoto , J. -U. Ness , J. J. Drake , H. Takahashi , K. Mukai

We present infrared spectroscopy of the classical nova V339 Delphini, obtained over a $\sim2$ year period. The infrared emission lines were initially symmetrical, with HWHM velocities of 525 km s$^{-1}$. In later ($t\gtrsim77$days, where…

One very important object for understanding the nature of red novae is V1309 Sco. Its pre-outburst observations showed that, before its red-nova eruption in 2008, it was a contact binary quickly evolving to the merger of the components. It…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-07 R. Tylenda , T. Kamiński

We present radio observations of the symbiotic recurrent nova V3890 Sagitarii following the 2019 August eruption obtained with the MeerKAT radio telescope at 1.28 GHz and Karl G. Janksy Very Large Array (VLA) at 1.26 to 5 GHz. The radio…

The earliest supernova (SN) emission is produced when the optical depth of the plasma lying ahead of the shock, which ejects the envelope, drops below c/v, where v is the shock velocity. This "breakout" may occur when the shock reaches the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-25 Eli Waxman , Boaz Katz

In recent years, several nova explosions have been detected by Fermi/LAT at E>100 MeV, mainly early after the explosion and for a short period of time. The first evidence of particle acceleration in novae was found in the 2006 eruption of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-22 Laura Delgado , Margarita Hernanz

We present multi-wavelength observations of the unusual nova V1535 Sco throughout its outburst in 2015. Early radio observations were consistent with synchrotron emission, and early X-ray observations revealed the presence of high-energy…

We present results obtained from extensive near-infrared spectroscopic and photometric observations of nova V574 Pup during its 2004 outburst. The observations were obtained over four months, starting from 2004 November 25 (four days after…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-04 Sachindra Naik , Dipankar P. K. Banerjee , N. M. Ashok , R. K. Das