Related papers: Optimal personalised treatment computation through…
A clinical trial is an essential step in drug development, which is often costly and time-consuming. In silico trials are clinical trials conducted digitally through simulation and modeling as an alternative to traditional clinical trials.…
Randomized clinical trials, while often viewed as the highest evidentiary bar by which to judge the quality of a medical intervention, are far from perfect. In silico imaging trials are computational studies that seek to ascertain the…
Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) tailor treatments according to individual patient characteristics. They can significantly improve patient care and are thus becoming increasingly popular. The data collected during randomized clinical…
This study uses in silico trials (ISTs) to quantify the potential for benefit due to improved recanalisation outcomes and shorter time to treatment for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients. We use an IST framework to run trials on cohorts…
In the context of clinical research, computational models have received increasing attention over the past decades. In this systematic review, we aimed to provide an overview of the role of so-called in silico clinical trials (ISCTs) in…
Precision medicine promises to transform health care by offering individualised treatments that dramatically improve clinical outcomes. A necessary prerequisite is to identify subgroups of patients who respond differently to different…
The aim of this chapter is to provide a brief introduction into the basics of a top-down multilevel tumor dynamics modeling method primarily based on discrete entity consideration and manipulation. The method is clinically oriented, one of…
An important objective in the development of targeted therapies is to identify the populations where the treatment under consideration has positive benefit risk balance. We consider pivotal clinical trials, where the efficacy of a treatment…
As a future trend of healthcare, personalized medicine tailors medical treatments to individual patients. It requires to identify a subset of patients with the best response to treatment. The subset can be defined by a biomarker (e.g.…
In recent years, human in silico trials have gained significant traction as a powerful approach to evaluate the effects of drugs, clinical interventions, and medical devices. In silico trials not only minimise patient risks but also reduce…
Clinical trials constitute a critical yet exceptionally challenging and costly stage of drug development (\$2.6B per drug), where protocols are encoded as complex natural language documents, motivating the use of AI systems beyond manual…
Virtual studies of ICD behaviour are crucial for testing device functionality in a controlled environment prior to clinical application. Although previous works have shown the viability of using in silico testing for diagnosis, there is a…
The US Food and Drug Administration launched Project Optimus with the aim of shifting the paradigm of dose-finding and selection towards identifying the optimal biological dose that offers the best balance between benefit and risk, rather…
Population-adjusted indirect comparisons estimate treatment effects when access to individual patient data is limited and there are cross-trial differences in effect modifiers. Popular methods include matching-adjusted indirect comparison…
Significant evidence has become available that emphasizes the importance of personalization in medicine. In fact, it has become a common belief that personalized medicine is the future of medicine. The core of personalized medicine is the…
Indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs) are essential in Health Technology Assessment (HTA) when head-to-head clinical trials are absent. A common challenge arises when attempting to compare a treatment with available individual patient data…
The field of precision medicine aims to tailor treatment based on patient-specific factors in a reproducible way. To this end, estimating an optimal individualized treatment regime (ITR) that recommends treatment decisions based on patient…
Radiation therapy (RT) is a medical treatment to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors. To manually schedule patients for RT is a time-consuming and challenging task. By the use of optimization, patient schedules for RT can be created…
We develop a methodology to create data-driven predictive digital twins for optimal risk-aware clinical decision-making. We illustrate the methodology as an enabler for an anticipatory personalized treatment that accounts for uncertainties…
The use of high-fidelity computational simulations promises to enable high-throughput hypothesis testing and optimisation of cancer therapies. However, increasing realism comes at the cost of increasing computational requirements. This…