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Neural scaling laws have driven significant advancements in machine learning, particularly in domains like language modeling and computer vision. However, the exploration of neural scaling laws within robotics has remained relatively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Sebastian Sartor , Neil Thompson

The cross-entropy scaling law has long served as a key tool for guiding the development of large language models. It shows that cross-entropy loss decreases in a predictable power-law rate as the model size increases. However, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Junxi Yan , Zixi Wei , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu , Jingtao Zhan

Large genomic and imaging datasets can be used to train models that learn meaningful representations of cellular systems. Across domains, model performance improves predictably with dataset size and compute budget, providing a basis for…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-23 Gokul Gowri , Igor Sadalski , Dan Raviv , Peng Yin , Jonathan Rosenfeld , Allon M. Klein

Recent works have shown that machine learning models improve at a predictable rate with the total amount of training data, leading to scaling laws that describe the relationship between error and dataset size. These scaling laws can help…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Ian Covert , Wenlong Ji , Tatsunori Hashimoto , James Zou

Scaling laws provide important insights that can guide the design of large language models (LLMs). Existing work has primarily focused on studying scaling laws for pretraining (upstream) loss. However, in transfer learning settings, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Berivan Isik , Natalia Ponomareva , Hussein Hazimeh , Dimitris Paparas , Sergei Vassilvitskii , Sanmi Koyejo

Recently observed empirical scaling laws describe the performance of foundation-type models as three independent key quantities -- dataset size, compute, and model parameters -- are modified. Extracting these scaling laws informs the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-29 Oz Amram , Darius A. Faroughy , Tjarko Gerdes , Anna Hallin , Gregor Kasieczka , Michael Krämer , Humberto Reyes-Gonzalez , David Shih

The scaling law is becoming a fundamental law in many machine learning areas. That is, test error falls off with the power law when increasing training data, model size, and computing resource. However, whether this law is suitable for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Jiayi Lin , Hande Dong , Yutao Xie , Lei Zhang

Deep neural networks exhibit empirical neural scaling laws, with error decreasing as a power law with increasing model or data size, across a wide variety of architectures, tasks, and datasets. This universality suggests that scaling laws…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Ari Brill

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely adopted in a wide range of tasks, leading to increasing attention towards the research on how scaling LLMs affects their performance. Existing works, termed Scaling Laws, have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yizhe Xiong , Xiansheng Chen , Xin Ye , Hui Chen , Zijia Lin , Haoran Lian , Zhenpeng Su , Wei Huang , Jianwei Niu , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

The scaling law has been validated in various domains, such as natural language processing (NLP) and massive computer vision tasks; however, its application to motion generation remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shunlin Lu , Jingbo Wang , Zeyu Lu , Ling-Hao Chen , Wenxun Dai , Junting Dong , Zhiyang Dou , Bo Dai , Ruimao Zhang

As we scale to more massive machine learning models, the frequent synchronization demands inherent in data-parallel approaches create significant slowdowns, posing a critical challenge to further scaling. Recent work develops an approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Zachary Charles , Gabriel Teston , Lucio Dery , Keith Rush , Nova Fallen , Zachary Garrett , Arthur Szlam , Arthur Douillard

Learning arguably involves the discovery and memorization of abstract rules. The aim of this paper is to study associative memory mechanisms. Our model is based on high-dimensional matrices consisting of outer products of embeddings, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-22 Vivien Cabannes , Elvis Dohmatob , Alberto Bietti

Large Language Models have driven significant AI advancements, yet their training is resource-intensive and highly sensitive to hyper-parameter selection. While scaling laws provide valuable guidance on model size and data requirements,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Xingyu Xie , Kuangyu Ding , Shuicheng Yan , Kim-Chuan Toh , Tianwen Wei

Scaling laws in deep learning -- empirical power-law relationships linking model performance to resource growth -- have emerged as simple yet striking regularities across architectures, datasets, and tasks. These laws are particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Francesco D'Amico , Dario Bocchi , Matteo Negri

Neural scaling laws have driven the field's ever-expanding exponential growth in parameters, data and compute. While scaling behaviors for pretraining losses and discriminative benchmarks are well established, generative benchmarks such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Rylan Schaeffer , Noam Levi , Brando Miranda , Sanmi Koyejo

Scaling laws play a central role in the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), enabling the prediction of model performance relative to compute budgets prior to training. While Transformers have been the dominant architecture, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Maximilian Beck , Kajetan Schweighofer , Sebastian Böck , Sebastian Lehner , Sepp Hochreiter

We develop task scaling laws and model ladders to predict the individual task performance of pretrained language models (LMs) in the overtrained setting. Standard power laws for language modeling loss cannot accurately model task…

Neural scaling laws characterize how model performance improves as the model size scales up. Inspired by empirical observations, we introduce a resource model of neural scaling. A task is usually composite hence can be decomposed into many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Jinyeop Song , Ziming Liu , Max Tegmark , Jeff Gore

We demonstrate the emergence of scaling laws in the benchmark top versus QCD jet classification problem in collider physics. Six distinct physically-motivated classifiers exhibit power-law scaling of the binary cross-entropy test loss as a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-06 Joshua Batson , Yonatan Kahn

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success. A key factor behind this success is the scaling law observed by OpenAI. Specifically, for models with Transformer architecture, the test loss exhibits a power-law…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yifang Chen , Xuyang Guo , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song