Related papers: Rank-initial embeddings of non-standard models of …

This thesis concerns embeddings and self-embeddings of foundational structures in both set theory and category theory. The first part of the work on models of set theory consists in establishing a refined version of Friedman's theorem on…

By a classical theorem of Harvey Friedman (1973), every countable nonstandard model $\mathcal{M}$ of a sufficiently strong fragment of ZF has a proper rank-initial self-embedding $j$, i.e., $j$ is a self-embedding of $\mathcal{M}$ such that…

In this paper we will show that for every cut $ I $ of any countable nonstandard model $ \mathcal{M} $ of $ \mathrm{I}\Sigma_{1} $, each $ I $-small $ \Sigma_{1} $-elementary submodel of $ \mathcal{M}$ is of the form of the set of fixed…

We investigate the structure of fixed point sets of self-embeddings of models of arithmetic. In particular, given a countable nonstandard model M of a modest fragment of Peano arithimetic, we provide complete characterizations of (a) the…

This paper studies the inference about linear functionals of high-dimensional low-rank matrices. While most existing inference methods would require consistent estimation of the true rank, our procedure is robust to rank misspecification,…

This dissertation is a contribution to the project of second-order set theory, which has seen a revival in recent years. The approach is to understand second-order set theory by studying the structure of models of second-order set theories.…

We study finitely generated models of countable theories, having at most countably many nonisomorphic finitely generated models. We intro- duce a notion of rank of finitely generated models and we prove, when T has at most countably many…

Tanaka (1997) proved a powerful generalization of Friedman's self-embedding theorem that states that given a countable nonstandard model $(\mathcal{M},\mathcal{A})$ of the subsystem $\mathrm{WKL}_{0}$ of second order arithmetic, and any…

The embedding problem is to decide, given an ordered pair of structures, whether or not there is an injective homomorphism from the first structure to the second. We study this problem using an established perspective in parameterized…

Evaluation of generative models is mostly based on the comparison between the estimated distribution and the ground truth distribution in a certain feature space. To embed samples into informative features, previous works often use…

Fixed point theorems are one of the many tools used to prove existence and uniqueness of differential equations. When the data involved contains products of distributions, some of these tools may not be useful. Thus rises the necessity to…

This paper introduces an approach for detecting differences in the first-order structures of spatial point patterns. The proposed approach leverages the kernel mean embedding in a novel way by introducing its approximate version tailored to…

We show that if we enrich first order logic by allowing quantification over isomorphisms between definable ordered fields the resulting logic, L(Q_{Of}), is fully compact. In this logic, we can give standard compactness proofs of various…

Statistical learning additions to physically derived mathematical models are gaining traction in the literature. A recent approach has been to augment the underlying physics of the governing equations with data driven Bayesian statistical…

A first-order theory has the Schroder-Bernstein property if any two of its models that are elementarily bi-embeddable are isomorphic. We prove that if a countable theory T has the Schroder-Bernstein property then it is classifiable (it is…

Firmly nonexpansive mappings play an important role in metric fixed point theory and optimization due to their correspondence with maximal monotone operators. In this paper we do a thorough study of fixed point theory and the asymptotic…

Mixtures of $r$ independent distributions for two discrete random variables can be represented by matrices of nonnegative rank $r$. Likelihood inference for the model of such joint distributions leads to problems in real algebraic geometry…

A general fixed point theorem for isometries in terms of metric functionals is proved under the assumption of the existence of a conical bicombing. It is new even for isometries of Banach spaces as well as for non-locally compact…

Indices of fixed point classes play a central role in Nielsen fixed point theory. Jiang-Wang-Zhang proved that for selfmaps of graphs and surfaces, the index of any fixed point class has an upper bound called its characteristic. In this…

In [Frobenius1896] it was shown that many important properties of a finite group could be examined using formulas involving the character ratios of group elements, i.e., the trace of the element acting in a given irreducible representation,…