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Massively multilingual models for neural machine translation (NMT) are theoretically attractive, but often underperform bilingual models and deliver poor zero-shot translations. In this paper, we explore ways to improve them. We argue that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Biao Zhang , Philip Williams , Ivan Titov , Rico Sennrich

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is an end-to-end learning approach for automated translation, with the potential to overcome many of the weaknesses of conventional phrase-based translation systems. Unfortunately, NMT systems are known to…

Resources for the non-English languages are scarce and this paper addresses this problem in the context of machine translation, by automatically extracting parallel sentence pairs from the multilingual articles available on the Internet. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Sree Harsha Ramesh , Krishna Prasad Sankaranarayanan

Neural machine translation (NMT) often makes mistakes in translating low-frequency content words that are essential to understanding the meaning of the sentence. We propose a method to alleviate this problem by augmenting NMT systems with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Philip Arthur , Graham Neubig , Satoshi Nakamura

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve impressive performance once optimized on massive datasets. Such datasets often contain sensitive or copyrighted content, raising significant data privacy concerns. Regulatory frameworks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Haokun Chen , Jianing Li , Yao Zhang , Jinhe Bi , Yan Xia , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Multilingual machine translation (MMT), trained on a mixture of parallel and monolingual data, is key for improving translation in low-resource language pairs. However, the literature offers conflicting results on the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Christos Baziotis , Biao Zhang , Alexandra Birch , Barry Haddow

Unsupervised neural machine translation(NMT) is associated with noise and errors in synthetic data when executing vanilla back-translations. Here, we explicitly exploits language model(LM) to drive construction of an unsupervised NMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Wei Zhang , Youyuan Lin , Ruoran Ren , Xiaodong Wang , Zhenshuang Liang , Zhen Huang

Machine translation (MT) for low-resource languages such as Ge'ez, an ancient language that is no longer the native language of any community, faces challenges such as out-of-vocabulary words, domain mismatches, and lack of sufficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Aman Kassahun Wassie

Domain adaptation has been well-studied in supervised neural machine translation (SNMT). However, it has not been well-studied for unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT), although UNMT has recently achieved remarkable results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Haipeng Sun , Rui Wang , Kehai Chen , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita , Tiejun Zhao , Chenhui Chu

While synthetic bilingual corpora have demonstrated their effectiveness in low-resource neural machine translation (NMT), adding more synthetic data often deteriorates translation performance. In this work, we propose alternated training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Rui Jiao , Zonghan Yang , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Neural networks are capable of translating between languages -- in some cases even between two languages where there is little or no access to parallel translations, in what is known as Unsupervised Machine Translation (UMT). Given this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Shafi Goldwasser , David F. Gruber , Adam Tauman Kalai , Orr Paradise

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems have recently obtained state-of-the art in many machine translation systems between popular language pairs because of the availability of data. For low-resourced language pairs, there are few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Thi-Vinh Ngo , Thanh-Le Ha , Phuong-Thai Nguyen , Le-Minh Nguyen

Vision-Language Translation (VLT) is a challenging task that requires accurately recognizing multilingual text embedded in images and translating it into the target language with the support of visual context. While recent Large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xintong Wang , Jingheng Pan , Yixiao Liu , Xiaohu Zhao , Chenyang Lyu , Minghao Wu , Chris Biemann , Longyue Wang , Linlong Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

Despite the known limitations, most machine translation systems today still operate on the sentence-level. One reason for this is, that most parallel training data is only sentence-level aligned, without document-level meta information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Frithjof Petrick , Christian Herold , Pavel Petrushkov , Shahram Khadivi , Hermann Ney

Multimodal machine translation is an attractive application of neural machine translation (NMT). It helps computers to deeply understand visual objects and their relations with natural languages. However, multimodal NMT systems suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Tosho Hirasawa , Hayahide Yamagishi , Yukio Matsumura , Mamoru Komachi

We introduce negative space learning machine translation (NSL-MT), a training method for underresourced languages, that augments limited parallel data with synthetically generated violations of the target language's grammar and explicitly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Mamadou K. Keita , Christopher Homan , Huy Le

Unsupervised cross-lingual pretraining has achieved strong results in neural machine translation (NMT), by drastically reducing the need for large parallel data. Most approaches adapt masked-language modeling (MLM) to sequence-to-sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Christos Baziotis , Ivan Titov , Alexandra Birch , Barry Haddow

Low-resource indigenous languages often lack the parallel corpora required for effective neural machine translation (NMT). Synthetic data generation offers a practical strategy for mitigating this limitation in data-scarce settings. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Aashish Dhawan , Christopher Driggers-Ellis , Christan Grant , Daisy Zhe Wang

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is a new approach for automatic translation of text from one human language into another. The basic concept in NMT is to train a large Neural Network that maximizes the translation performance on a given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-22 Markus Freitag , Yaser Al-Onaizan

We present an approach to neural machine translation (NMT) that supports multiple domains in a single model and allows switching between the domains when translating. The core idea is to treat text domains as distinct languages and use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Sander Tars , Mark Fishel
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