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This paper develops a hierarchical games-in-games control architecture for hybrid stochastic systems governed by regime-switching jump-diffusions. We model the interplay between continuous state dynamics and discrete mode transitions as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Yunian Pan , Quanyan Zhu

Automated design of multi-agent interactions with desirable equilibrium outcomes is inherently difficult due to the computational hardness, non-uniqueness, and instability of the resulting equilibria. In this work, we propose the use of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Vinzenz Thoma , Georgios Piliouras , Luke Marris

Games offer a compelling paradigm for developing general reasoning capabilities in language models, as they naturally demand strategic planning, probabilistic inference, and adaptive decision-making. However, existing self-play approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiachong Feng , Deyi Yin , Xiaocheng Feng , Yi Jiang , Libo Qin , Yangfan Ye , Lei Huang , Weitao Ma , Qiming Li , Yuxuan Gu , Bing Qin , Lingpeng Kong

This study employs gamified experiments to investigate and refine the Schelling Model of Segregation, a framework that demonstrates how individual preferences can lead to systemic segregation. Using a movement selection algorithm derived…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-15 Aleix Nicolás Olivé , Luce Prignano , Dimitri Marinelli , Emanuele Cozzo

Deep reinforcement learning has shown its effectiveness in various applications, providing a promising direction for solving tasks with high complexity. However, naively applying classical RL for learning a complex long-horizon task with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Jeong-Hoon Lee , Jongeun Choi

We initiate the study of structured Stackelberg games, a novel form of strategic interaction between a leader and a follower where contextual information can be predictive of the follower's (unknown) type. Motivated by applications such as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Maria-Florina Balcan , Kiriaki Fragkia , Keegan Harris

This article describes a novel game structure for autonomously optimizing decentralized manufacturing systems with multi-objective optimization challenges, namely Distributed Stackelberg Strategies in State-Based Potential Games (DS2-SbPG).…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Steve Yuwono , Dorothea Schwung , Andreas Schwung

In multi-agent settings, game theory is a natural framework for describing the strategic interactions of agents whose objectives depend upon one another's behavior. Trajectory games capture these complex effects by design. In competitive…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Lasse Peters , David Fridovich-Keil , Laura Ferranti , Cyrill Stachniss , Javier Alonso-Mora , Forrest Laine

In this paper, we introduce a generalization of the standard Stackelberg Games (SGs) framework: Calibrated Stackelberg Games (CSGs). In CSGs, a principal repeatedly interacts with an agent who (contrary to standard SGs) does not have direct…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Nika Haghtalab , Chara Podimata , Kunhe Yang

Diffusion-based generative methods have shown promising potential for modeling trajectories from offline reinforcement learning (RL) datasets, and hierarchical diffusion has been introduced to mitigate variance accumulation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xianghua Zeng , Hao Peng , Angsheng Li , Yicheng Pan

In this paper, we address the challenge of Nash equilibrium (NE) seeking in non-cooperative convex games with partial-decision information. We propose a distributed algorithm, where each agent refines its strategy through projected-gradient…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Duong Thuy Anh Nguyen , Mattia Bianchi , Florian Dörfler , Duong Tung Nguyen , Angelia Nedić

In this paper, we study the problem of the distributed Nash equilibrium seeking of N-player games over jointly strongly connected switching networks. The action of each player is governed by a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. Our…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Jie Huang

Security games model the confrontation between a defender protecting a set of targets and an attacker who tries to capture them. A variant of these games assumes security interdependence between targets, facilitating contagion of an attack.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Marcin Waniek , Tomasz P. Michalak , Aamena Alshamsi

In stochastic games with incomplete information, the uncertainty is evoked by the lack of knowledge about a player's own and the other players' types, i.e. the utility function and the policy space, and also the inherent stochasticity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Hannes Eriksson , Debabrota Basu , Mina Alibeigi , Christos Dimitrakakis

Closed drafting or "pick and pass" is a popular game mechanic where each round players select a card or other playable element from their hand and pass the rest to the next player. In this paper, we establish first-principle methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ryan Rezai , Jason Wang

As a transformative general-purpose technology, AI has empowered various industries and will continue to shape our lives through ubiquitous applications. Despite the enormous benefits from wide-spread AI deployment, it is crucial to address…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Na Zhang , Kun Yue , Chao Fang

Neural Networks sequentially build high-level features through their successive layers. We propose here a new neural network model where each layer is associated with a set of candidate mappings. When an input is processed, at each layer,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-03 Ludovic Denoyer , Patrick Gallinari

Hierarchical decision-making is a natural paradigm for coordinating multi-agent systems in complex environments such as air traffic management. In this paper, we present a bilevel framework for game-theoretic hierarchical routing, where a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Dong Ho Lee , Kaitlyn Donnel , Max Z. Li , David Fridovich-Keil

In this paper, we apply the idea of fictitious play to design deep neural networks (DNNs), and develop deep learning theory and algorithms for computing the Nash equilibrium of asymmetric $N$-player non-zero-sum stochastic differential…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-07 Ruimeng Hu

In 1953 Gale noticed that for every n-person game in extensive form with perfect information modeled by a rooted treesome special Nash equilibrium in pure strategies can be found by an algorithm of successive elimination of leaves, which is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Vladimir Gurvich