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We introduce cyclinbayes, an open-source R package for discovering linear causal relationships with both acyclic and cyclic structures. The package employs scalable Bayesian approaches with spike-and-slab priors to learn directed acyclic…

Computation · Statistics 2026-02-25 Robert Lee , Raymond K. W. Wong , Yang Ni

A directed acyclic graph (DAG) provides valuable prior knowledge that is often discarded in regression tasks in machine learning. We show that the independences arising from the presence of collider structures in DAGs provide meaningful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-22 Shahine Bouabid , Jake Fawkes , Dino Sejdinovic

In many application areas---lending, education, and online recommenders, for example---fairness and equity concerns emerge when a machine learning system interacts with a dynamically changing environment to produce both immediate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Elliot Creager , David Madras , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

Conventional methods for causal structure learning from data face significant challenges due to combinatorial search space. Recently, the problem has been formulated into a continuous optimization framework with an acyclicity constraint to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Hristo Petkov , Colin Hanley , Feng Dong

Causality analysis is an important problem lying at the heart of science, and is of particular importance in data science and machine learning. An endeavor during the past 16 years viewing causality as real physical notion so as to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-26 X. San Liang

Causal discovery from multivariate time series is challenging when causal effects may occur both across time and within the same sampling interval. This issue is especially important in applications such as neuroscience, where the sampling…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-22 SeyedSina Seyedi HasanAbadi , Fahimeh Arab , Erfan Nozari , AmirEmad Ghassami

The paradigm of linear structural equation modeling readily allows one to incorporate causal feedback loops in the model specification. These appear as directed cycles in the common graphical representation of the models. However, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Mathias Drton , Marina Garrote-López , Niko Nikov , Elina Robeva , Y. Samuel Wang

Causal discovery from time-series data aims to capture both intra-slice (contemporaneous) and inter-slice (time-lagged) causality between variables within the temporal chain, which is crucial for various scientific disciplines. Compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Rujia Shen , Boran Wang , Chao Zhao , Yi Guan , Jingchi Jiang

Causal graph discovery is a significant problem with applications across various disciplines. However, with observational data alone, the underlying causal graph can only be recovered up to its Markov equivalence class, and further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Davin Choo , Kirankumar Shiragur , Caroline Uhler

Understanding which parts of a dynamical system cause each other is extremely relevant in fundamental and applied sciences. However, inferring causal links from observational data, namely without direct manipulations of the system, is still…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-06-27 Matteo Allione , Vittorio Del Tatto , Alessandro Laio

We consider the problem of discovering $K$ related Gaussian directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), where the involved graph structures share a consistent causal order and sparse unions of supports. Under the multi-task learning setting, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Xinshi Chen , Haoran Sun , Caleb Ellington , Eric Xing , Le Song

Numerous approaches have been proposed to discover causal dependencies in machine learning and data mining; among them, the state-of-the-art VAR-LiNGAM (short for Vector Auto-Regressive Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Model) is a desirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Aref Einizade , Sepideh Hajipour Sardouie

This paper demonstrates how to recover causal graphs from the score of the data distribution in non-linear additive (Gaussian) noise models. Using score matching algorithms as a building block, we show how to design a new generation of…

The problem of inferring the direct causal parents of a response variable among a large set of explanatory variables is of high practical importance in many disciplines. Recent work exploits stability of regression coefficients or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-07 Anant Raj , Luigi Gresele , Michel Besserve , Bernhard Schölkopf , Stefan Bauer

The feed-forward relationship naturally observed in time-dependent processes and in a diverse number of real systems -such as some food-webs and electronic and neural wiring- can be described in terms of so-called directed acyclic graphs…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-19 Joaquín Goñi , Bernat Corominas-Murtra , Ricard V. Solé , Carlos Rodríguez-Caso

Causal discovery, the task of inferring causal structure from data, has the potential to uncover mechanistic insights from biological experiments, especially those involving perturbations. However, causal discovery algorithms over larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Menghua Wu , Yujia Bao , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

We present a constraint-based algorithm for learning causal structures from observational time-series data, in the presence of latent confounders. We assume a discrete-time, stationary structural vector autoregressive process, with both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Raanan Y. Rohekar , Shami Nisimov , Yaniv Gurwicz , Gal Novik

Hierarchical models for regionally aggregated disease incidence data commonly involve region specific latent random effects that are modeled jointly as having a multivariate Gaussian distribution. The covariance or precision matrix…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-30 Abhirup Datta , Sudipto Banerjee , James S. Hodges

Structural causal models (SCMs), with an underlying directed acyclic graph (DAG), provide a powerful analytical framework to describe the interaction mechanisms in large-scale complex systems. However, when the system exhibits extreme…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-28 Junshu Jiang , Jordan Richards , Raphaël Huser , David Bolin

Heretofore, learning the directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) that encode the cause-effect relationships embedded in observational data is a computationally challenging problem. A recent trend of studies has shown that it is possible to recover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Bao Duong , Thin Nguyen
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