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Autonomous systems are becoming increasingly prevalent in new vehicles. Due to their environmental friendliness and their remarkable capability to significantly enhance road safety, these vehicles have gained widespread recognition and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Reem Alhabib , Poonam Yadav

Automated driving systems (ADSs) promise a safe, comfortable and efficient driving experience. However, fatalities involving vehicles equipped with ADSs are on the rise. The full potential of ADSs cannot be realized unless the robustness of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Ekim Yurtsever , Jacob Lambert , Alexander Carballo , Kazuya Takeda

The automotive industry is experiencing a transition from assisted to highly automated driving. New concepts for validation of Automated Driving System (ADS) include amongst other a shift from a "technology based" approach to a "scenario…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Ilona Cieslik , Víctor J. Expósito Jiménez , Helmut Martin , Heiko Scharke , Hannes Schneider

"Safety" and "Risk" are key concepts for the design and development of automated vehicles. For the market introduction or large-scale field tests, both concepts are not only relevant for engineers developing the vehicles, but for all…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 Marcus Nolte , Leon Johann Brettin , Hans Steege , Nayel Salem , Marvin Loba , Robert Graubohm , Markus Maurer

In April 2021, the European Commission proposed a Regulation on Artificial Intelligence, known as the AI Act. We present an overview of the Act and analyse its implications, drawing on scholarship ranging from the study of contemporary AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Michael Veale , Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

Autonomous driving systems (ADSs) promise improved transportation efficiency and safety, yet ensuring their reliability in complex real-world environments remains a critical challenge. Effective testing is essential to validate ADS…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yihan Liao , Jingyu Zhang , Jacky Keung , Yan Xiao , Yurou Dai

The deployment of Automated Vehicles (AVs) is expected to address road transport externalities (e.g., safety, traffic, environmental impact, etc.). For this reason, a legal framework for their large-scale market introduction and deployment…

Automated Driving Systems (ADS) hold great potential to increase safety, mobility, and equity. However, without public acceptance, none of these promises can be fulfilled. To engender public trust, many entities in the ADS community…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Scott Schnelle , Francesca M. Favaro

This paper introduces and tests a framework integrating traffic regulation compliance into automated driving systems (ADS). The framework enables ADS to follow traffic laws and make informed decisions based on the driving environment. Using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Xu Han , Zhiwen Wu , Xin Xia , Jiaqi Ma

The public, regulators, and domain experts alike seek to understand the effect of deployed SAE level 4 automated driving system (ADS) technologies on safety. The recent expansion of ADS technology deployments is paving the way for early…

Automated Driving Systems (ADS) have made great achievements in recent years thanks to the efforts from both academia and industry. A typical ADS is composed of multiple modules, including sensing, perception, planning, and control, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Shuncheng Tang , Zhenya Zhang , Yi Zhang , Jixiang Zhou , Yan Guo , Shuang Liu , Shengjian Guo , Yan-Fu Li , Lei Ma , Yinxing Xue , Yang Liu

Validating Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is a strategic issue, since such systems are becoming increasingly widespread in the automotive field. ADAS bring extra comfort to drivers, and this has become a selling point. But these…

Due to the growing awareness of driving safety and the development of sophisticated technologies, advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) has been equipped in more and more vehicles with higher accuracy and lower price. The latest…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Xinran Li , Kuo-Yi Lin , Min Meng , Xiuxian Li , Li Li , Yiguang Hong , Jie Chen

In April 2021, the European Commission published a proposed regulation on AI. It intends to create a uniform legal framework for AI within the European Union (EU). In this chapter, we analyze and assess the proposal. We show that the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Patrick Glauner

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have become central for the perception functions of autonomous vehicles, substantially enhancing their ability to understand and interpret the environment. However, these systems exhibit inherent limitations such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Mert Keser , Youssef Shoeb , Alois Knoll

This report summarizes the European Union's series of data and AI regulations and analyzes them for managers in automotive vehicle manufacturing organizations. In particular, we highlight the relevant ideas of the regulations, including how…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Charlotte A. Shahlaei , Nicholas Berente

This paper provides an overview of how the determination of absence of unreasonable risk can be operationalized. It complements previous theoretical work published by existing developers of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) on the overall…

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving Systems (ADS) are expected to improve comfort, productivity and, most importantly, safety for all road users. To ensure that the systems are safe, rules and regulations…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Pierluigi Olleja , Gustav Markkula , Jonas Bärgman

Autonomous driving has shown great potential to reform modern transportation. Yet its reliability and safety have drawn a lot of attention and concerns. Compared with traditional software systems, autonomous driving systems (ADSs) often use…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Guannan Lou , Yao Deng , Xi Zheng , Mengshi Zhang , Tianyi Zhang

This paper proposes an extensive overview of safety applications and approaches as it relates to automated driving from the prospectives of sensor configurations, vehicle dynamics modelling, tyre modeling, and estimation approaches. First,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-21 Hazem Fahmy , Sabita Mahrajan
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