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Discrete materials composed of masses connected by strongly nonlinear links with anomalous behavior (reduction of elastic modulus with strain) have very interesting wave dynamics. Such links may be composed of materials exhibiting…
We present a general analysis for the interaction of a probe laser radiation with a coherently prepared molecular Raman medium. We describe a general formalism which includes dispersive effects, such as group velocity and group velocity…
A computational method based on a first-principles multiscale simulation has been used for calculating the optical response and the ablation threshold of an optical material irradiated with an ultrashort intense laser pulse. The method…
We report the electronic structure and optical absorption spectra of monolayer black phosphorus (phosphorene) nanoribbons (PNRs) via first-principles simulations. The band gap of PNRs is strongly enhanced by quantum confinement. However,…
In 3D single particle imaging with X-ray free-electron lasers, particle orientation is not recorded during measurement but is instead recovered as a necessary step in the reconstruction of a 3D image from the diffraction data. Here we use…
We consider a scheme to generate sub-picosecond electron bunch in the photocathode rf gun by improving the acceleration gradient in the gun, suitably tuning the bunch charge, the laser spot size and the acceleration phase, and reducing the…
When a pulsed, few-cycle electromagnetic wave is focused by optics with f-number smaller than two, the frequency components it contains are focused to different regions of space, building up a complex electromagnetic field structure.…
Non-equilibrium processes following the irradiation of atomic clusters with short pulses of vacuum ultraviolet radiation are modelled using kinetic Boltzmann equations. The dependence of the ionization dynamics on the cluster size is…
Few-cycle pulses present an essential tool to track ultrafast dynamics in matter and drive strong field effects. To address photon-hungry applications, high average power lasers are used which, however, cannot directly provide sub-100 fs…
We consider the propagation of extremely short pulses through a dielectric thin film containing resonant atoms (two level atoms) with permanent dipole. Assuming that the film width is less than the field wave length, we can solve the wave…
The successful operation of X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs), like the Linac Coherent Light Source or the Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH), makes unprecedented research on matter at atomic length and ultrafast time scales possible.…
Ultrashort, low-emittance electron pulses can be created at a high repetition rate by using a TM$_{110}$ deflection cavity to sweep a continuous beam across an aperture. These pulses can be used for time-resolved electron microscopy with…
Using frequency-chirped radiation pressure slowing, we precisely control the velocity of a pulsed CaF molecular beam down to a few m/s, compressing its velocity spread by a factor of 10 while retaining high intensity: at a velocity of…
Single-file diffusion refers to the Brownian motion in narrow channels where particles cannot pass each other. In such processes, the diffusion of a tagged particle is typically normal at short times and becomes subdiffusive at long times.…
Ultrashort electron pulses are crucial for time-resolved electron diffraction and microscopy of fundamental light-matter interaction. In this work, we study experimentally and theoretically the generation and characterization of attosecond…
We derive analytical expressions for external fields of a relativistic bunch of charged particles with a circular and an elliptical cross section under different boundary conditions and interaction of the fields with an accelerator…
This article demonstrates a new compression scheme that has the potential to compress a high energy pulse as high as a few hundred Joules in a pulse as short as one optical cycle at 0.8{\mu}m making a true ultra-relativistic {\lambda}^3…
Using large-scale fully-kinetic two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate the effects of shock rippling on electron acceleration at low-Mach-number shocks propagating in high-$\beta$ plasmas, in application to merger…
The radiofrequency (RF) transmit field is severely inhomogeneous at ultrahigh field due to both RF penetration and RF coil design issues. This particularly impairs image quality for sequences that use inversion pulses such as magnetization…
We study a modified Ramsey spectroscopy technique employing slowly decaying states for quantum metrology applications using dense ensembles. While closely positioned atoms exhibit superradiant collective decay and dipole-dipole induced…