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Recent studies have revealed that grammatical error correction methods in the sequence-to-sequence paradigm are vulnerable to adversarial attack, and simply utilizing adversarial examples in the pre-training or post-training process can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zecheng Tang , Kaifeng Qi , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Code-switching (CSW) is a common phenomenon among multilingual speakers where multiple languages are used in a single discourse or utterance. Mixed language utterances may still contain grammatical errors however, yet most existing Grammar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Kelvin Wey Han Chan , Christopher Bryant , Li Nguyen , Andrew Caines , Zheng Yuan

Sequence generation applications require satisfying semantic constraints, such as ensuring that programs are correct, using certain keywords, or avoiding undesirable content. Language models, whether fine-tuned or prompted with few-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Sean Welleck , Ximing Lu , Peter West , Faeze Brahman , Tianxiao Shen , Daniel Khashabi , Yejin Choi

We explore and improve the capabilities of LLMs to generate data for grammatical error correction (GEC). When merely producing parallel sentences, their patterns are too simplistic to be valuable as a corpus. To address this issue, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jeiyoon Park , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

The primary objective of Chinese grammatical error correction (CGEC) is to detect and correct errors in Chinese sentences. Recent research shows that large language models (LLMs) have been applied to CGEC with significant results. For LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Baoxin Wang , Yumeng Luo , Yixuan Wang , Dayong Wu , Wanxiang Che , Shijin Wang

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is a challenging task of natural language processing techniques. While more attempts are being made in this approach for universal languages like English or Chinese, relatively little work has been done…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Nankai Lin , Hongbin Zhang , Menglan Shen , Yu Wang , Shengyi Jiang , Aimin Yang

We propose a neural encoder-decoder model with reinforcement learning (NRL) for grammatical error correction (GEC). Unlike conventional maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), the model directly optimizes towards an objective that considers a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-04 Keisuke Sakaguchi , Matt Post , Benjamin Van Durme

Chinese Grammatical Error Correction (CGEC) aims to automatically detect and correct grammatical errors contained in Chinese text. In the long term, researchers regard CGEC as a task with a certain degree of uncertainty, that is, an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Jingheng Ye , Yinghui Li , Shirong Ma , Rui Xie , Wei Wu , Hai-Tao Zheng

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is an important NLP task that is currently usually solved with autoregressive sequence-to-sequence models. However, approaches of this class are inherently slow due to one-by-one token generation, so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Konstantin Yakovlev , Alexander Podolskiy , Andrey Bout , Sergey Nikolenko , Irina Piontkovskaya

In this paper, we present a simple and efficient GEC sequence tagger using a Transformer encoder. Our system is pre-trained on synthetic data and then fine-tuned in two stages: first on errorful corpora, and second on a combination of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Kostiantyn Omelianchuk , Vitaliy Atrasevych , Artem Chernodub , Oleksandr Skurzhanskyi

We perform neural machine translation of sentence fragments in order to create large amounts of training data for English grammatical error correction. Our method aims at simulating mistakes made by second language learners, and produces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Eetu Sjöblom , Mathias Creutz , Teemu Vahtola

We combine two of the most popular approaches to automated Grammatical Error Correction (GEC): GEC based on Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) and GEC based on Neural Machine Translation (NMT). The hybrid system achieves new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Roman Grundkiewicz , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt

The field of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) has produced various systems to deal with focused phenomena or general text editing. We propose an automatic way to combine black-box systems. Our method automatically detects the strength of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Yoav Kantor , Yoav Katz , Leshem Choshen , Edo Cohen-Karlik , Naftali Liberman , Assaf Toledo , Amir Menczel , Noam Slonim

Grammatical error correction (GEC) tools, powered by advanced generative artificial intelligence (AI), competently correct linguistic inaccuracies in user input. However, they often fall short in providing essential natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Subhankar Maity , Aniket Deroy , Sudeshna Sarkar

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) systems play a vital role in assisting people with their daily writing tasks. However, users may sometimes come across a GEC system that initially performs well but fails to correct errors when the inputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Enbo Zhao , Wei Bi , Shuming Shi

In this paper, we propose a system combination method for grammatical error correction (GEC), based on nonlinear integer programming (IP). Our method optimizes a novel F score objective based on error types, and combines multiple end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Ruixi Lin , Hwee Tou Ng

Due to the lack of parallel data in current Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) task, models based on Sequence to Sequence framework cannot be adequately trained to obtain higher performance. We propose two data synthesis methods which can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Liner Yang , Chencheng Wang , Yun Chen , Yongping Du , Erhong Yang

We introduce gec-metrics, a library for using and developing grammatical error correction (GEC) evaluation metrics through a unified interface. Our library enables fair system comparisons by ensuring that everyone conducts evaluations using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Takumi Goto , Yusuke Sakai , Taro Watanabe

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) has been recently modeled using the sequence-to-sequence framework. However, unlike sequence transduction problems such as machine translation, GEC suffers from the lack of plentiful parallel data. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Jared Lichtarge , Chris Alberti , Shankar Kumar , Noam Shazeer , Niki Parmar , Simon Tong

We present a grammar error correction (GEC) system that achieves state of the art for the Czech language. Our system is based on a neural network translation approach with the Transformer architecture, and its key feature is its real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Petr Pechman , Milan Straka , Jana Straková , Jakub Náplava