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Graph neural network models have been extensively used to learn node representations for graph structured data in an end-to-end setting. These models often rely on localized first order approximations of spectral graph convolutions and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Mohammed Haroon Dupty , Wee Sun Lee

Belief Propagation (BP) is an efficient message-passing algorithm widely used for inference in graphical models and for solving various problems in statistical physics. However, BP often yields inaccurate estimates of order parameters and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Seongmin Kim , Alec Kirkley

Belief propagation (BP) is a popular method for performing probabilistic inference on graphical models. In this work, we enhance BP and propose self-guided belief propagation (SBP) that incorporates the pairwise potentials only gradually.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-30 Christian Knoll , Adrian Weller , Franz Pernkopf

Belief propagation is known to perform extremely well in many practical statistical inference and learning problems using graphical models, even in the presence of multiple loops. The iterative use of belief propagation algorithm on loopy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-13 Xiangqiong Shi , Dan Schonfeld , Daniela Tuninetti

Belief Propagation (BP) is a simple probabilistic inference algorithm, consisting of passing messages between nodes of a graph representing a probability distribution. Its analogy with a neural network suggests that it could have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Vincent Bouttier , Renaud Jardri , Sophie Deneve

In this paper we derive the equations for Loop Corrected Belief Propagation on a continuous variable Gaussian model. Using the exactness of the averages for belief propagation for Gaussian models, a different way of obtaining the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-06-01 Bastian Wemmenhove , Bert Kappen

We define two algorithms for propagating information in classification problems with pairwise relationships. The algorithms are based on contraction maps and are related to non-linear diffusion and random walks on graphs. The approach is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Pedro F. Felzenszwalb , Benar F. Svaiter

We present a novel inference algorithm for arbitrary, binary, undirected graphs. Unlike loopy belief propagation, which iterates fixed point equations, we directly descend on the Bethe free energy. The algorithm consists of two phases,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Max Welling , Yee Whye Teh

Belief propagation is a well-studied algorithm for approximating local marginals of multivariate probability distribution over complex networks, while tensor network states are powerful tools for quantum and classical many-body problems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-08 Chu Guo , Dario Poletti , Itai Arad

We study the belief propagation algorithm for the graph bi-partitioning problem, i.e. the ground state of the ferromagnetic Ising model at a fixed magnetization. Application of a message passing scheme to a model with a fixed global…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2010-06-16 P. Sulc , L. Zdeborova

Learning general latent-variable probabilistic graphical models is a key theoretical challenge in machine learning and artificial intelligence. All previous methods, including the EM algorithm and the spectral algorithms, face severe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Borui Wang , Geoffrey Gordon

In this article, we present a visual introduction to Gaussian Belief Propagation (GBP), an approximate probabilistic inference algorithm that operates by passing messages between the nodes of arbitrarily structured factor graphs. A special…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Joseph Ortiz , Talfan Evans , Andrew J. Davison

We define and study an inference algorithm based on "belief propagation" (BP) and the Bethe approximation. The idea is to encode into a graph an a priori information composed of correlations or marginal probabilities of variables, and to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Cyril Furtlehner , Jean-Marc Lasgouttes , Arnaud De La Fortelle

The evolution of molecular and phenotypic traits is commonly modelled using Markov processes along a phylogeny. This phylogeny can be a tree, or a network if it includes reticulations, representing events such as hybridization or admixture.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-28 Benjamin Teo , Paul Bastide , Cécile Ané

This paper considers inference over distributed linear Gaussian models using factor graphs and Gaussian belief propagation (BP). The distributed inference algorithm involves only local computation of the information matrix and of the mean…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-01 Jian Du , Shaodan Ma , Yik-Chung Wu , Soummya Kar , José M. F. Moura

We introduce novel belief propagation algorithms to estimate the marginals of a high dimensional probability distribution. They involve natural (co)homological constructions relevant for a localised description of statistical systems.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Olivier Peltre

Belief Propagation (BP) is one of the most popular methods for inference in probabilistic graphical models. BP is guaranteed to return the correct answer for tree structures, but can be incorrect or non-convergent for loopy graphical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Siamak Ravanbakhsh , Chun-Nam Yu , Russell Greiner

Loopy belief propagation performs approximate inference on graphical models with loops. One might hope to compensate for the approximation by adjusting model parameters. Learning algorithms for this purpose have been explored previously,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-03 Xaq Pitkow , Yashar Ahmadian , Ken D. Miller

We study feature propagation on graph, an inference process involved in graph representation learning tasks. It's to spread the features over the whole graph to the $t$-th orders, thus to expand the end's features. The process has been…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Biao Xiang , Ziqi Liu , Jun Zhou , Xiaolong Li

Gaussian belief propagation (GaBP) is an iterative message-passing algorithm for inference in Gaussian graphical models. It is known that when GaBP converges it converges to the correct MAP estimate of the Gaussian random vector and simple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-03-23 Jason K. Johnson , Danny Bickson , Danny Dolev