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Progress in Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms goes hand-in-hand with the development of challenging environments that test the limits of current methods. While existing RL environments are either sufficiently complex or based on fast…

In multi-agent reinforcement learning, multiple agents learn simultaneously while interacting with a common environment and each other. Since the agents adapt their policies during learning, not only the behavior of a single agent becomes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Yuan Tian , Klaus-Rudolf Kladny , Qin Wang , Zhiwu Huang , Olga Fink

Reinforcement learning agents in complex game environments often suffer from sparse rewards, training instability, and poor sample efficiency. This paper presents a hybrid training approach that combines offline imitation learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Thomas Ackermann , Moritz Spang , Hamza A. A. Gardi

We propose a multi-agent distributed reinforcement learning algorithm that balances between potentially conflicting short-term reward and sparse, delayed long-term reward, and learns with partial information in a dynamic environment. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jing Tan , Ramin Khalili , Holger Karl

Achieving the capability of adapting to ever-changing environments is a critical step towards building fully autonomous robots that operate safely in complicated scenarios. In multiagent competitive scenarios, agents may have to adapt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Macheng Shen , Jonathan P. How

Machine learning is a huge field of study in computer science and statistics dedicated to the execution of computational tasks through algorithms that do not require explicit instructions but instead rely on learning patterns from data…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Jonas da Silveira Bohrer , Bruno Iochins Grisci , Marcio Dorn

Progress in fields of machine learning and adversarial planning has benefited significantly from benchmark domains, from checkers and the classic UCI data sets to Go and Diplomacy. In sequential decision-making, agent evaluation has largely…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Marc Lanctot , John Schultz , Neil Burch , Max Olan Smith , Daniel Hennes , Thomas Anthony , Julien Perolat

Navigating multiple tasks$\unicode{x2014}$for instance in succession as in continual or lifelong learning, or in distributions as in meta or multi-task learning$\unicode{x2014}$requires some notion of adaptation. Evolution over timescales…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sebastian Lee , Samuel Liebana , Claudia Clopath , Will Dabney

Generating tests for games is challenging due to the high degree of randomisation inherent to games and hard-to-reach program states that require sophisticated gameplay. The test generator NEATEST tackles these challenges by combining…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Patric Feldmeier , Katrin Schmelz , Gordon Fraser

This paper addresses the challenges of high resource dynamism and scheduling complexity in cloud-native database systems. It proposes an adaptive resource orchestration method based on multi-agent reinforcement learning. The method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Guanzi Yao , Heyao Liu , Linyan Dai

Patch foraging involves the deliberate and planned process of determining the optimal time to depart from a resource-rich region and investigate potentially more beneficial alternatives. The Marginal Value Theorem (MVT) is frequently used…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yesid Fonseca , Manuel S. Ríos , Nicanor Quijano , Luis F. Giraldo

Multiagent coordination in cooperative multiagent systems (MASs) has been widely studied in both fixed-agent repeated interaction setting and the static social learning framework. However, two aspects of dynamics in real-world multiagent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Hongyao Tang , Li Wang , Zan Wang , Tim Baarslag , Jianye Hao

This paper examines three generic strategies for improving the performance of neuro-evolution techniques aimed at evolving convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These were implemented as part of the Evolutionary eXploration of Augmenting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Travis Desell

The enactive approach to cognition is typically proposed as a viable alternative to traditional cognitive science. Enactive cognition displaces the explanatory focus from the internal representations of the agent to the direct sensorimotor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Rafik Hadfi

Learning competitive behaviors in multi-agent settings such as racing requires long-term reasoning about potential adversarial interactions. This paper presents Deep Latent Competition (DLC), a novel reinforcement learning algorithm that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Wilko Schwarting , Tim Seyde , Igor Gilitschenski , Lucas Liebenwein , Ryan Sander , Sertac Karaman , Daniela Rus

As AI agents evolve, the community is rapidly shifting from single Large Language Models (LLMs) to Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to overcome cognitive bottlenecks in automated research. However, the optimal multi-agent coordination framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Zhenyi Yi , Ziyi Zhao , Lijun Sun , Dongyang Li , Chin-Teng Lin , Yuhui Shi

In this paper, we explore using deep reinforcement learning for problems with multiple agents. Most existing methods for deep multi-agent reinforcement learning consider only a small number of agents. When the number of agents increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Arbaaz Khan , Clark Zhang , Daniel D. Lee , Vijay Kumar , Alejandro Ribeiro

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the success of RL for LLMs heavily relies on human-curated datasets and verifiable rewards,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yixing Chen , Yiding Wang , Siqi Zhu , Haofei Yu , Tao Feng , Muhan Zhang , Mostofa Patwary , Jiaxuan You

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms find applications in inventory control, recommender systems, vehicular traffic management, cloud computing and robotics. The real-world complications of many tasks arising in these domains makes them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Sindhu Padakandla

Multiclass classification is a fundamental and challenging task in machine learning. The existing techniques of multiclass classification can be categorized as (i) decomposition into binary (ii) extension from binary and (iii) hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Gongjin Lan , Zhenyu Gao , Lingyao Tong , Ting Liu