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Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) has become a widely adopted subword tokenization method in modern language models due to its simplicity and strong empirical performance across downstream tasks. However, applying BPE to unsegmented languages such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yifan Hu , Frank Liang , Dachuan Zhao , Jonathan Geuter , Varshini Reddy , Craig W. Schmidt , Chris Tanner

In the steady-state contingency analysis, the traditional Newton-Raphson method suffers from non-convergence issues when solving post-outage power flow problems, which hinders the integrity and accuracy of security assessment. In this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Rui Yao , Feng Qiu , Kai Sun

It is established that physical observables in local quantum field theories should be invariant under invertible field redefinitions. It is then expected that this statement should be true for the entanglement entropy and moreover that, via…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-17 M. R. Mohammadi Mozaffar , A. Mollabashi , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari , M. H. Vahidinia

We expose the information flow capabilities of pure bipartite entanglement as a theorem -- which embodies the exact statement on the `seemingly acausal flow of information' in protocols such as teleportation. We use this theorem to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bob Coecke

From the viewpoint of holography, we study the behaviors of the entanglement entropy in insulator/superconductor transition with exponential nonlinear electrodynamics (ENE). We find that the entanglement entropy is a good probe to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-23 Weiping Yao , Chaohui Yang , Jiliang Jing

In contrast to the conventional von Neumann bipartite entanglement entropy (bEE), we show that a more appropriate description of the one-dimensional doped Mott insulator is a new kind of mutual entanglement entropy (mEE) between the charge…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-04-28 Wayne Zheng , Zheng-Yu Weng

We develop a systematic framework for computing symmetry-resolved entanglement entropies (SREE) in charged quantum systems based on an improved heat kernel approach. Although the conventional Sommerfeld formula proves effective for neutral…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-08 Yuan-Chun Jing , Chao Niu , Zhuo-Yu Xian

We study the mixed state entanglement in a holographic axion model. We find that the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE), mutual information (MI) and entanglement of purification (EoP) exhibit very distinct behaviors with system…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-24 Yi-fei Huang , Zi-jian Shi , Chao Niu , Cheng-yong Zhang , Peng Liu

Entanglement entropy in topologically ordered matter phases has been computed extensively using various methods. In this paper, we study the entanglement entropy of topological phases in two-spaces from a new perspective---the perspective…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-06-14 Yuting Hu , Yidun Wan

The entanglement entropy has been historically studied by many authors in order to obtain quantum mechanical interpretations of the gravitational entropy. The discovery of AdS/CFT correspondence leads to the idea of holographic entanglement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-04 Tadashi Takayanagi

Homogenisation theory has seen recent applications in deriving stochastic transport models for fluid dynamics. In this work, we first derive the stochastic Lagrange-to-Euler map that underpins stochastic transport noise in fluid dynamics as…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Theo Diamantakis , Ruiao Hu , James-Michael Leahy

We study holographic entanglement entropy in spatially anisotropic field theory. We observe that for the background we consider in this paper, to a good approximation, the holographic entanglement entropy can be decomposed into two terms.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-11 M. Rahimi , M. Ali-Akbari

We develop a holographic framework for computing timelike entanglement entropy (tEE) in quantum field theories, extending the Ryu-Takayanagi prescription into Lorentzian settings. Using three broad classes of supergravity backgrounds, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-21 Carlos Nunez , Dibakar Roychowdhury

Existing works are dedicated to untangling atomized numerical components (features) from the hidden states of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, they typically rely on autoencoders constrained by some training-time regularization on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Hakaze Cho , Haolin Yang , Yanshu Li , Brian M. Kurkoski , Naoya Inoue

We study the low-energy corrections to the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE) in the boundary CFT by perturbing the bulk geometry up to second order excitations. Focusing on the case that the boundary subsystem is a strip, we show that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-30 Song He , Jia-Rui Sun , Hai-Qing Zhang

We consider the holographic candidate for the entanglement of purification $E_P$, given by the minimal cross sectional area of an entanglement wedge $E_W$. The $E_P$ is generally very complicated quantity to obtain in field theories, thus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-09-04 Niko Jokela , Arttu Pönni

We explore the connection between the area law for entanglement and geometry by representing the entanglement entropies corresponding to all $2^N$ bipartitions of an $N$-party pure quantum system by means of a (generalized) adjacency…

We introduce "Replicated Entanglement Entropy (REE)" as the entanglement entropy of a subspace in a replicated theory. We calculate this quantity by replicating the original theory in two steps along the same entangling region and taking…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-02-11 Amir Esmaeil Mosaffa

According to flat/Bondi-Metzner-Sachs invariant field theories (BMSFT) correspondence, asymptotically flat spacetimes in $(d+1)$-dimensions are dual to $d$-dimensional BMSFTs. In this duality, similar to the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-11-20 Reza Fareghbal , Mehdi Hakami Shalamzari

We consider a section of a half-filled chain of free electrons and its entanglement with the rest of the system in the presence of one or two interface defects. We find a logarithmic behaviour of the entanglement entropy with constants…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ingo Peschel
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