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Federated learning (FL) enables edge devices to collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing their raw data. Due to its privacy-protecting benefits, FL has been deployed in many real-world applications. However, deploying…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Zhidong Gao , Zhenxiao Zhang , Yu Zhang , Tongnian Wang , Yanmin Gong , Yuanxiong Guo

Federated Learning (FL), arising as a privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm, has received notable attention from the public. In each round of synchronous FL training, only a fraction of available clients are chosen to participate,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Tiansheng Huang , Weiwei Lin , Li Shen , Keqin Li , Albert Y. Zomaya

Federated Learning (FL), a privacy-oriented distributed ML paradigm, is being gaining great interest in Internet of Things because of its capability to protect participants data privacy. Studies have been conducted to address challenges…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jianhua Wang , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić , Lin Li , Yingying Yao

Federated learning (FL) collaboratively trains a shared global model depending on multiple local clients, while keeping the training data decentralized in order to preserve data privacy. However, standard FL methods ignore the noisy client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Kahou Tam , Li Li , Bo Han , Chengzhong Xu , Huazhu Fu

Federated Learning (FL) seeks to train a model collaboratively without sharing private training data from individual clients. Despite its promise, FL encounters challenges such as high communication costs for large-scale models and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Lin Li , Jianping Gou , Baosheng Yu , Lan Du , Zhang Yiand Dacheng Tao

Mobile keyboard suggestion is typically regarded as a word-level language modeling problem. Centralized machine learning technique requires massive user data collected to train on, which may impose privacy concerns for sensitive personal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Shaoxiong Ji , Shirui Pan , Guodong Long , Xue Li , Jing Jiang , Zi Huang

This paper proposes a client selection (CS) method to tackle the communication bottleneck of federated learning (FL) while concurrently coping with FL's data heterogeneity issue. Specifically, we first analyze the effect of CS in FL and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Yuxuan Zhang , Chao Xu , Howard H. Yang , Xijun Wang , Tony Q. S. Quek

In recent years, mobile clients' computing ability and storage capacity have greatly improved, efficiently dealing with some applications locally. Federated learning is a promising distributed machine learning solution that uses local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Renhao Lu , Weizhe Zhang , Qiong Li , Xiaoxiong Zhong , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw user data, but conventional simulations often rely on unrealistic data partitioning and current user selection methods ignore data correlation among users. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Ce Zheng , Shiyao Ma , Ke Zhang , Chen Sun , Wenqi Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a decentralized paradigm to train models while preserving privacy. However, conventional FL struggles with data heterogeneity and class imbalance, which degrade model performance. Clustered FL balances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Alessandro Licciardi , Davide Leo , Eros Fanì , Barbara Caputo , Marco Ciccone

Over the past few years, Federated Learning (FL) has become a popular distributed machine learning paradigm. FL involves a group of clients with decentralized data who collaborate to learn a common model under the coordination of a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Kun Yang , Cong Shen , Jie Xu

Clustered Federated Learning has emerged as an effective approach for handling heterogeneous data across clients by partitioning them into clusters with similar or identical data distributions. However, most existing methods, including the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jonas Kirch , Sebastian Becker , Tiago Koketsu Rodrigues , Stefan Harmeling

Federated learning (FL), which is a decentralized machine learning (ML) approach, often incorporates differential privacy (DP) to provide rigorous data privacy guarantees. Previous works attempted to address high structured data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Saber Malekmohammadi , Afaf Taik , Golnoosh Farnadi

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to train machine learning models collaboratively without sharing the raw training data. However, for a given FL task, how to select a group of appropriate clients fairly becomes a challenging…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Meiying Zhang , Huan Zhao , Sheldon Ebron , Ruitao Xie , Kan Yang

Federated learning (FL) is a novel machine learning setting that enables on-device intelligence via decentralized training and federated optimization. Deep neural networks' rapid development facilitates the learning techniques for modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Shaoxiong Ji , Wenqi Jiang , Anwar Walid , Xue Li

Data plays a fundamental role in the training of Large Language Models (LLMs). While attention has been paid to the collection and composition of datasets, determining the data sampling strategy in training remains an open question. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yunfan Shao , Linyang Li , Zhaoye Fei , Hang Yan , Dahua Lin , Xipeng Qiu

Personalization in federated learning (FL) functions as a coordinator for clients with high variance in data or behavior. Ensuring the convergence of these clients' models relies on how closely users collaborate with those with similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Eunjeong Jeong , Marios Kountouris

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising distributed method for edge-level machine learning, particularly for privacysensitive applications such as those in military and medical domains, where client data cannot be shared or transferred to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Lucas Grativol Ribeiro , Mathieu Leonardon , Guillaume Muller , Virginie Fresse , Matthieu Arzel

This paper proposes LCFL, a novel clustering metric for evaluating clients' data distributions in federated learning. LCFL aligns with federated learning requirements, accurately assessing client-to-client variations in data distribution.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Endong Gu , Yongxin Chen , Hao Wen , Xingju Cai , Deren Han

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a prominent privacy-preserving technique for enabling use cases like confidential clinical machine learning. FL operates by aggregating models trained by remote devices which owns the data. Thus, FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Michael Duchesne , Kaiwen Zhang , Chamseddine Talhi