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Federated Learning (FL) has surged in prominence due to its capability of collaborative model training without direct data sharing. However, the vast disparity in local data distributions among clients, often termed the Non-Independent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Zheshun Wu , Zenglin Xu , Dun Zeng , Qifan Wang , Jie Liu

Federated Learning(FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm where a global model is trained in-situ across a large number of distributed edge devices. These systems are often comprised of millions of user devices and only a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yuanli Wang , Lei Huang

In this paper, we address the dichotomy between heterogeneous models and simultaneous training in Federated Learning (FL) via a clustering framework. We define a new clustering model for FL based on the (optimal) local models of the users:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-24 Harshvardhan , Avishek Ghosh , Arya Mazumdar

Federated Learning (FL) algorithms commonly sample a random subset of clients to address the straggler issue and improve communication efficiency. While recent works have proposed various client sampling methods, they have limitations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Jiaxiang Geng , Yanzhao Hou , Xiaofeng Tao , Juncheng Wang , Bing Luo

Federated learning is a distributed learning framework that takes full advantage of private data samples kept on edge devices. In real-world federated learning systems, these data samples are often decentralized and Non-Independently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Dun Zeng , Xiangjing Hu , Shiyu Liu , Yue Yu , Qifan Wang , Zenglin Xu

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized training of machine learning models on distributed data while preserving privacy. However, in real-world FL settings, client data is often non-identically distributed and imbalanced, resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Gergely D. Németh , Eros Fanì , Yeat Jeng Ng , Barbara Caputo , Miguel Ángel Lozano , Nuria Oliver , Novi Quadrianto

Federated learning (FL) aims at optimizing a shared global model over multiple edge devices without transmitting (private) data to the central server. While it is theoretically well-known that FL yields an optimal model -- centrally trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Youngjoon Lee , Sangwoo Park , Joonhyuk Kang

Federated learning is a distributed optimization paradigm that enables a large number of resource-limited client nodes to cooperatively train a model without data sharing. Several works have analyzed the convergence of federated learning by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yae Jee Cho , Jianyu Wang , Gauri Joshi

To reduce the communication overhead caused by parallel training of multiple clients, various federated learning (FL) techniques use random client sampling. Nonetheless, ensuring the efficacy of random sampling and determining the optimal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Kirandeep Kaur , Sujit Gujar , Shweta Jain

Federated learning seeks to foster collaboration among distributed clients while preserving the privacy of their local data. Traditionally, federated learning methods assume a fixed setting in which client data and learning objectives…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Can Peng , Qianhui Men , Pramit Saha , Qianye Yang , Cheng Ouyang , J. Alison Noble

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that facilitates massively distributed model training with end-user data on edge devices directed by a central server. However, the large number of heterogeneous clients in FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Qifan Yan , Andrew Liu , Shiqi He , Mathias Lécuyer , Ivan Beschastnikh

Federated learning (FL) is a new paradigm for distributed machine learning that allows a global model to be trained across multiple clients without compromising their privacy. Although FL has demonstrated remarkable success in various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Haolin Wang , Xuefeng Liu , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jiaxing Shen

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm facilitating participants to collaboratively train a model without revealing their local data. However, when FL is deployed into the wild, some intelligent clients can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Andrea Augello , Ashish Gupta , Giuseppe Lo Re , Sajal K. Das

Federated Learning (FL) is currently one of the most popular technologies in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) due to its collaborative learning and ability to preserve client privacy. However, it faces challenges such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Lin Li , Niall Higgins , Raj Gururajan , Xujuan Zhou , Jianming Yong

Federated Learning enables collaborative model training across decentralized data sources without data transfer. Averaging-based FL is limited by the presence of non-IID data, which negatively impacts convergence speed and final model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Adda Akram Bendoukha , Heber Hwang Arcolezi , Nesrine Kaaniche , Aymen Boudguiga

Federated Learning (FL) enables mobile edge devices, functioning as clients, to collaboratively train a decentralized model while ensuring local data privacy. However, the efficiency of FL in wireless networks is limited not only by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yanbing Yang , Huiling Zhu , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang , Changrun Chen , Jiangzhou Wang

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning framework facilitating collaborative training across distributed clients. However, its performance is often compromised by data heterogeneity among participants, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziru Niu , Hai Dong , A. K. Qin

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning technique that allows decentralized collaborative model training across a set of distributed clients, by avoiding raw data exchange. A fundamental component of FL is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sara Alosaime , Arshad Jhumka

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning (ML) technique that allows a number of participants to train an ML model collaboratively without having to share their private local datasets with others. When participants are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Youssra Cheriguene , Wael Jaafar , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Chaker Abdelaziz Kerrache

Federated Learning (FL) is a novel distributed machine learning approach to leverage data from Internet of Things (IoT) devices while maintaining data privacy. However, the current FL algorithms face the challenges of non-independent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Gang Hu , Yinglei Teng , Nan Wang , F. Richard Yu
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