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This article presents and validates an ideal, four-stage workflow for the high-accuracy transcription and analysis of challenging medieval legal documents. The process begins with a specialized Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) model,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Joshua D. Isom

Shortage of available training data is holding back progress in the area of automated error detection. This paper investigates two alternative methods for artificially generating writing errors, in order to create additional resources. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Marek Rei , Mariano Felice , Zheng Yuan , Ted Briscoe

Even today in Twenty First Century Handwritten communication has its own stand and most of the times, in daily life it is globally using as means of communication and recording the information like to be shared with others. Challenges in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-05-18 Yusuf Perwej , Ashish Chaturvedi

This paper presents a GAN for generating images of handwritten lines conditioned on arbitrary text and latent style vectors. Unlike prior work, which produce stroke points or single-word images, this model generates entire lines of offline…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Brian Davis , Chris Tensmeyer , Brian Price , Curtis Wigington , Bryan Morse , Rajiv Jain

Data-to-text generation has recently attracted substantial interests due to its wide applications. Existing methods have shown impressive performance on an array of tasks. However, they rely on a significant amount of labeled data for each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Wenhu Chen , Yu Su , Xifeng Yan , William Yang Wang

Online handwriting generation (OHG) enhances handwriting recognition models by synthesizing diverse, human-like samples. However, existing OHG methods struggle to generate unseen characters, particularly in glyph-based languages like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Tsai-Ling Huang , Nhat-Tuong Do-Tran , Ngoc-Hoang-Lam Le , Hong-Han Shuai , Ching-Chun Huang

In recent years, with the development of deep learning, text generation technology has undergone great changes and provided many kinds of services for human beings, such as restaurant reservation and daily communication. The automatically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Bin Guo , Hao Wang , Yasan Ding , Wei Wu , Shaoyang Hao , Yueqi Sun , Zhiwen Yu

Most people think that their handwriting is unique and cannot be imitated by machines, especially not using completely new content. Current cursive handwriting synthesis is visually limited or needs user interaction. We show that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Martin Mayr , Martin Stumpf , Anguelos Nicolaou , Mathias Seuret , Andreas Maier , Vincent Christlein

The problem of converting images of text into plain text is a widely researched topic in both academia and industry. Arabic handwritten Text Recognation (AHTR) poses additional challenges due to diverse handwriting styles and limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Alhossien Waly , Bassant Tarek , Ali Feteha , Rewan Yehia , Gasser Amr , Ahmed Fares

Recent neural approaches to data-to-text generation have mostly focused on improving content fidelity while lacking explicit control over writing styles (e.g., word choices, sentence structures). More traditional systems use templates to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Shuai Lin , Wentao Wang , Zichao Yang , Xiaodan Liang , Frank F. Xu , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu

Effective text generation and chat interfaces for low-resource languages (LRLs) remain a challenge for state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) to support. This is mainly due to the difficulty of curating high-quality instruction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Mamadou K. Keita , Sebastien Diarra , Christopher Homan , Seydou Diallo

Generative pre-training via discrete diffusion provides dense reconstruction supervision across all feature fields simultaneously, mitigating representation collapse from data sparsity in CTR prediction. However, all existing generative CTR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Moyu Zhang , Yun Chen , Yujun Jin , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng

Data-to-text generation systems aim to generate text descriptions based on input data (often represented in the tabular form). A typical system uses huge training samples for learning the correspondence between tables and texts. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Shailza Jolly , Zi Xuan Zhang , Andreas Dengel , Lili Mou

A key consideration when training an LLM is whether the target language is more or less resourced, for example English compared to Welsh, or Python compared to Excel. Typical training data for programming languages consists of real program…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Nick McKenna , Xinnuo Xu , Jack Williams , Nick Wilson , Benjamin Van Durme , Christian Poelitz

Offline handwriting recognition has undergone continuous progress over the past decades. However, existing methods are typically benchmarked on free-form text datasets that are biased towards good-quality images and handwriting styles, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Ciprian Tomoiaga , Paul Feng , Mathieu Salzmann , Patrick Jayet

This paper explores the application of synthetic data in the post-OCR domain on multiple fronts by conducting experiments to assess the impact of data volume, augmentation, and synthetic data generation methods on model performance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Shuhao Guan , Derek Greene

Existing Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems are weak AI systems and exhibit limited capabilities when language generation tasks demand higher levels of creativity, originality and brevity. Effective solutions or, at least evaluations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Parag Jain , Priyanka Agrawal , Abhijit Mishra , Mohak Sukhwani , Anirban Laha , Karthik Sankaranarayanan

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have recently achieved the best performance in off-line Handwriting Text Recognition. At the same time, learning RNN by gradient descent leads to slow convergence, and training times are particularly long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-09 Jérôme Louradour , Christopher Kermorvant

Building Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms which are able to adapt to continuously evolving tasks is an open research challenge. One technology that is known to inherently handle such non-stationary input patterns well is Hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Jakob Struye , Kevin Mets , Steven Latré

Retrieval augmentation addresses many critical problems in large language models such as hallucination, staleness, and privacy leaks. However, running retrieval-augmented language models (LMs) is slow and difficult to scale due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Qingqing Cao , Sewon Min , Yizhong Wang , Hannaneh Hajishirzi
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