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Backflow is the phenomenon that the probability current of a quantum particle on the line can flow in the direction opposite to its momentum. In this article, previous investigations of backflow, pertaining to interaction-free dynamics or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-24 Henning Bostelmann , Daniela Cadamuro , Gandalf Lechner

Quantum backflow is usually understood as a quantum interference phenomenon where probability current of a quantum particle points in the opposite direction to particle's momentum. Here, we quantify the amount of quantum backflow for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-13 Marek Miller , Woo Chee Yuan , Rainer Dumke , Tomasz Paterek

Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which the probability density of a quantum particle propagates opposite to its momentum. Experimental observation of backflow has remained elusive due to two main challenges: (i) the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Tomasz Paterek , Arseni Goussev

Quantum backflow refers to the counterintuitive fact that the probability can flow in the direction opposite to the momentum of a quantum particle. This phenomenon has been seen to be small and fragile for one-dimensional systems, in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Maximilien Barbier , Arseni Goussev , Shashi C. L. Srivastava

Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive effect in which the probability density of a free particle moves in the direction opposite to the particle's momentum. If the particle is electrically charged, then the effect can be viewed as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Arseni Goussev , Jaewoo Joo

Free motion of a quantum particle with the wave function entirely comprised of plane waves with non-negative momenta may be accompanied by negative probability current, an effect called quantum backflow. The effect is weak and fragile, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-25 Arseni Goussev

We study the phenomenon of quantum backflow in tight-binding systems with complex couplings, considering different boundary conditions and lattice sizes. Backflow is an intrinsically non-classical effect where the density flux associated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Francisco Ricardo Torres Arvizu , Adrián Ortega , Hernán Larralde

In its original formulation, quantum backflow (QB) is an interference effect that manifests itself as a negative probability transfer for free-particle states comprised of plane waves with only positive momenta. Quantum reentry (QR) is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-07 Arseni Goussev

Quantum backflow is the classically-forbidden effect pertaining to the fact that a particle with a positive momentum may exhibit a negative probability current at some space-time point. We investigate how this peculiar phenomenon extends to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-09 Maximilien Barbier

We present an introduction to the backflow effect in quantum mechanics -- the phenomenon in which a state consisting entirely of positive momenta may have negative current and the probability flows in the opposite direction to the momentum.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 J. M. Yearsley , J. J. Halliwell

We argue that the origin of unitarity violation and information loss paradox in our understanding of black holes (BH) lies in the standard way of doing quantum field theory in curved space-time (QFTCS), which is heavily biased on intuition…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-23 K. Sravan Kumar , João Marto

Quantum backflow is an interference effect in which a matter-wave packet comprised of only plane waves with non-negative momenta exhibits negative probability flux. Here we show that this effect is mathematically equivalent to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Arseni Goussev

We study the Horizon Wavefunction (HWF) description of a generalized uncertainty principle inspired metric that admits sub-Planckian black holes, where the black hole mass $m$ is replaced by $M = m\left( 1 + \frac{\beta}{2} \frac{M_{\rm…

General Physics · Physics 2017-01-02 Luciano Manfredi , Jonas Mureika

The relative flow of the Schwarzschild vs. the proper time during the classical evolution of a collapsing shell in the Schwarzschild coordinates practically forces us to interpret black hole formation as a highly non-local quantum process…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-15 De-Chang Dai , Djordje Minic , Dejan Stojkovic

The quantum backflow effect is a counterintuitive behavior of the probability current of a free particle, which may be negative even for states with vanishing negative momentum component. Here we address the notion of nonclassicality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-23 Francesco Albarelli , Tommaso Guaita , Matteo G. A. Paris

Backflow is a counter-intuitive phenomenon in which a forward propagating quantum particle propagates locally backwards. The actual counter-propagation property associated with this delicate interference phenomenon has not been observed to…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-26 Yaniv Eliezer , Thomas Zacharias , Alon Bahabad

The Cosmic Blackbody Background Radiation pervades the entire Universe, and so falls into every astrophysical black hole. The blueshift of the infalling photons, measured by a static observer, is infinite at the event horizon. This raises a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-16 Maciek Wielgus , George F. R. Ellis , Frederic H. Vincent , Marek A. Abramowicz

Quantum mechanics introduces the possibility for particles to move in a direction opposite to their momentum -- a counter-intuitive and classically impossible phenomenon known as quantum backflow. The magnitude of this effect is relatively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Maximilien Barbier , Arseni Goussev

A semi-classical reasoning leads to the non-commutativity of space and time coordinates near the horizon of static non-extreme black hole, and renders the classical horizon spreading to {\it Quantum Horizon} . In terms of the background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Mu-Lin Yan , Hua Bai

Different approaches to quantum gravity conclude that black holes may possess an inner horizon, in addition to the (quantum corrected) outer `Schwarzschild' horizon. In this paper we assume the existence of this inner horizon and explain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 Ramon Torres
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