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Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs), a framework of continuous-depth neural networks, have been widely applied, showing exceptional efficacy in coping with representative datasets. Recently, an augmented framework has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Qunxi Zhu , Yao Guo , Wei Lin

Optimal control problems naturally arise in many scientific applications where one wishes to steer a dynamical system from a certain initial state $\mathbf{x}_0$ to a desired target state $\mathbf{x}^*$ in finite time $T$. Recent advances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Lucas Böttcher , Thomas Asikis

Calibration of neural networks is a topical problem that is becoming more and more important as neural networks increasingly underpin real-world applications. The problem is especially noticeable when using modern neural networks, for which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Ondrej Bohdal , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) use a neural network to model the instantaneous rate of change in the state of a system. However, despite their apparent suitability for dynamics-governed time-series, NODEs present a few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Alexander Norcliffe , Cristian Bodnar , Ben Day , Jacob Moss , Pietro Liò

Despite the promise of scientific machine learning (SciML) in combining data-driven techniques with mechanistic modeling, existing approaches for incorporating hard constraints in neural differential equations (NDEs) face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Avik Pal , Alan Edelman , Christopher Rackauckas

PDEs are central to scientific and engineering modeling, yet designing accurate numerical solvers typically requires substantial mathematical expertise and manual tuning. Recent neural network-based approaches improve flexibility but often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Jianda Du , Youran Sun , Haizhao Yang

Learned optimizers -- neural networks that are trained to act as optimizers -- have the potential to dramatically accelerate training of machine learning models. However, even when meta-trained across thousands of tasks at huge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 James Harrison , Luke Metz , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

Throughout many fields, practitioners often rely on differential equations to model systems. Yet, for many applications, the theoretical derivation of such equations and/or accurate resolution of their solutions may be intractable. Instead,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Grant Norman , Jacqueline Wentz , Hemanth Kolla , Kurt Maute , Alireza Doostan

The continuous dynamics of natural systems has been effectively modelled using Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODEs). However, for accurate and meaningful predictions, it is crucial that the models follow the underlying rules…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 C. Coelho , M. Fernanda P. Costa , L. L. Ferrás

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) and diffusion models (DMs) generate high-quality data from a noise distribution. However, their sampling process demands multiple iterations to solve an ordinary differential equation (ODE) with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Denis Gudovskiy , Wenzhao Zheng , Tomoyuki Okuno , Yohei Nakata , Kurt Keutzer

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) have been recently proposed as a promising approach for nonlinear system identification tasks. In this work, we systematically compare their predictive performance with current state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Aowabin Rahman , Ján Drgoňa , Aaron Tuor , Jan Strube

Neural networks have shown significant potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). While deep networks are capable of approximating complex functions, direct one-shot training often faces limitations in both accuracy and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Mingxing Weng , Zhiping Mao , Jie Shen

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations model dynamical systems with ODEs learned by neural networks. However, ODEs are fundamentally inadequate to model systems with long-range dependencies or discontinuities, which are common in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Samuel Holt , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

With the rapid development of Deep Learning, more and more applications on the cloud and edge tend to utilize large DNN (Deep Neural Network) models for improved task execution efficiency as well as decision-making quality. Due to memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jingran Shen , Nikos Tziritas , Georgios Theodoropoulos

Crafting effective reward signals remains a central challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL), especially for complex reasoning tasks. Existing automated reward optimization methods typically rely on derivative-free search heuristics that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sitao Cheng , Tianle Li , Xuhan Huang , Xunjian Yin , Difan Zou

Deep learning systems are known to exhibit implicit regularization (alt. implicit bias), favoring simple solutions instead of merely minimizing the loss function. In some cases, we can analytically derive the implicit regularization --…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Joseph H. Rudoler , Kevin Tan , Giles Hooker , Konrad P. Kording

We construct custom regularization functions for use in supervised training of deep neural networks. Our technique is applicable when the ground-truth labels themselves exhibit internal structure; we derive a regularizer by learning an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Mohammadreza Mostajabi , Michael Maire , Gregory Shakhnarovich

Modelling statistical relationships beyond the conditional mean is crucial in many settings. Conditional density estimation (CDE) aims to learn the full conditional probability density from data. Though highly expressive, neural network…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-17 Jonas Rothfuss , Fabio Ferreira , Simon Boehm , Simon Walther , Maxim Ulrich , Tamim Asfour , Andreas Krause

Neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are an emerging class of deep learning models for dynamical systems. They are particularly useful for learning an ODE vector field from observed trajectories (i.e., inverse problems). We here…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Katharina Ott , Michael Tiemann , Philipp Hennig

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) became popular due to their successful application difficult problems such image and speech recognition. However, when practitioners want to design an ANN they need to undergo laborious process of selecting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Pedro Carvalho , Nuno Lourenço , Penousal Machado
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