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We demonstrate the generation of a train of attosecond XUV pulses that are in a superposition of wavefront states. Such superposition yields a high precision, self-referencing, common path XUV interferometer setup to produce pairs of…
Dynamic scattering and imaging with coherent, ultrafast, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light sources can resolve charge, phonon and spin processes on their intrinsic length and time scales. However, full field coherent diffraction imaging…
Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors (UFSDs) are n-in-p silicon detectors that implement moderate gain (typically 5 to 25) using a thin highly doped p++ layer between the high resistivity p-bulk and the junction of the sensor. The presence of gain…
Future ultrafast x-ray light sources might image ultrafast coherent electron motion in real-space and in real-time. For a rigorous understanding of such an imaging experiment, we extend the theory of non-resonant x-ray scattering to the…
We propose and demonstrate a novel method to reduce the pulse width and timing jitter of a relativistic electron beam through THz-driven beam compression. In this method the longitudinal phase space of a relativistic electron beam is…
This paper describes a new radio frequency timer of keV energy electrons. It is based on a helical deflector, which performs circular or elliptical sweeps of keV electrons, by means of 500 MHz radio frequency field. By converting a time…
Ultrafast-optical-pump -- structural-probe measurements, including ultrafast electron and x-ray scattering, provide direct experimental access to the fundamental timescales of atomic motion, and are thus foundational techniques for studying…
Many atomic and molecular systems of fundamental interest possess resonance frequencies in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) where laser technology is limited and radiation sources have traditionally lacked long-term phase coherence. Recent…
Efforts to push the spatiotemporal imaging-resolution limits of femtosecond (fs) laser-driven ultrafast electron microscopes (UEMs) to the combined angstrom-fs range will benefit from stable sources capable of generating high bunch charges.…
We applied a tabletop, ultrafast, high-harmonic generation (HHG) source to measure the element-specific ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in ultra-thin magnetic alloys and multilayers on an opaque Si substrate. We demonstrate a continuous wave…
X-ray photoelectron diffraction is a powerful tool for determining the structure of clean and adsorbate-covered surfaces. Extending the technique into the ultrafast time domain will open the door to studies as diverse as the direct…
Instruments to visualize transient structural changes of inhomogeneous materials on the nanometer scale with atomic spatial and temporal resolution are demanded to advance materials science, bioscience, and fusion sciences. One such…
Time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TR-XRD) and ultrafast electron diffraction (TR-UED) are emerging tools for probing ultrafast quantum dynamics. From a theoretical perspective, they are commonly described within different frameworks and…
Broader adoption of 4D ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) for the study of chemical, materials, and quantum systems is being driven by development of new instruments as well as continuous improvement and characterization of existing…
Transition edge sensors (TES) have the highest reported efficiencies (>98%) for detection of single photons in the visible and near infrared. Experiments in quantum information and foundations of physics that rely critically on this…
Optical transition radiation interferometry (OTRI) has been shown to be a very useful technique to measure the divergence of electron beams with energies in the range of 15-100 MeV. However, application of this method to low energy or very…
We study a fully discrete finite element method for variable-order time-fractional diffusion equations with a time-dependent variable order. Optimal convergence estimates are proved with the first-order accuracy in time (and second order…
Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is a powerful probe of electronic band structures out of equilibrium. Tuning time and energy resolution to suit a particular scientific question has become an increasingly important…
We present a detailed exposition of the design for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using a UV probe laser source that combines the nonlinear effects of \b{eta}-BaB2O4 and KBe2BO3F2 optical crystals. The photon energy of…
Time-resolved atom interferometry, as employed in applications such as gravitational wave detection and searches for ultra-light dark matter, requires precise control over systematic effects. In this work, we investigate phase noise arising…