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We study violations of the Null Energy Condition (NEC) in Quantum Field Theory (QFT) and their implications. For the first part of the project, we examine these violations for classes of already known and novel (first discussed here) QFT…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-06-04 Dimitrios Krommydas

This essay reviews some of the recent progress in the area of energy conditions and wormholes. Most of the discussion centers on the subject of ``quantum inequality'' restrictions on negative energy. These are bounds on the magnitude and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-09 Thomas A. Roman

The averaged null energy condition has known violations for quantum fields in curved space, even if one considers only achronal geodesics. Many such examples involve rapid variation in the stress-energy tensor in the vicinity of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Douglas Urban , Ken D. Olum

The energy conditions of Einstein gravity (classical general relativity) are designed to extract as much information as possible from classical general relativity without enforcing a particular equation of state for the stress-energy. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Matt Visser

We consider a Lorentz-violating theory of gravity where the aether vector is taken to be nondynamical. This "ponderable aether theory" is almost the same as Einstein-aether theory (where the aether vector is dynamical), but involves…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-19 Antony J. Speranza

The Standard-Model Extension provides a framework to systematically investigate possible violation of the Lorentz symmetry. Concerning gravity, the linearized version was extensively examined. We here cast the first set of experimental…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-17 Lijing Shao , Quentin G. Bailey

The classic singularity theorems of General Relativity rely on energy conditions that can be violated in semiclassical gravity. Here, we provide motivation for an energy condition obeyed by semiclassical gravity: the smeared null energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-20 Ben Freivogel , Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Dimitrios Krommydas

We present warpax, an open-source, GPU-accelerated Python toolkit for observer-robust energy-condition verification of warp drive spacetimes, together with a benchmark application to six warp-drive geometries that demonstrates the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 An T. Le

We present a new interpretation of dark energy in terms of an \textit{Abnormally Weighting Energy} (AWE). This means that dark energy does not couple to gravitation in the same way as ordinary matter, yielding a violation of the weak and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Fuzfa , J. -M. Alimi

It is a very well known fact that the energy conditions concerning traversable wormhole (WH) solutions of Einstein equations are violated. Consequently, attempts to avoid the violation of the energy conditions constitutes one of the main…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-04-14 Everton M. C. Abreu , Nélio Sasaki

A brief review is given of three recent results concerning classical solutions of gravitational theories: (1) With asymptotically anti de Sitter boundary conditions, there are matter theories satisfying the positive energy theorem which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Gary T. Horowitz

The Einstein's weak equivalence principle (WEP) is one of the foundational assumptions of general relativity and some other gravity theories. In the theory of parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN), the difference between the PPN parameters…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-11 H. Yu , S. Q. Xi , F. Y. Wang

The energy conditions of classical Einstein gravity fail once quantum effects are introduced. These quantum violations of the energy conditions are not subtle high-energy Planck scale effects. Rather the quantum violations of the energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Matt Visser

This note summarizes a model-independent analysis of the age of the universe problem that trades off precision in favour of robustness: The energy conditions of Einstein gravity are designed to extract as much information as possible from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Matt Visser

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) demands the existence of superextremal particles in any consistent quantum theory of gravity. The standard lore is that these particles are introduced to ensure that extremal black holes are either unstable…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-04-09 Miguel Montero

The energy conditions of Einstein gravity (classical general relativity) do not require one to fix a specific equation of state. In a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe where the equation of state for the cosmological fluid is uncertain,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-08 Matt Visser

We study a cosmological scenario featuring an early phase of null energy condition (NEC) violation. Within this framework, we show that perturbative unitarity bounds place strong constraints on both the amplitude and the spectral tilt of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-21 Pavel Petrov , Jianing Wang

I show that in the Boulware vacuum (1) all standard (point-wise and averaged) energy conditions are violated throughout the exterior region---all the way from spatial infinity down to the event horizon, and (2) outside the event horizon the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Matt Visser

The present paper examines the validity of energy bounds in a modified theory of gravity involving non-minimal coupling of torsion scalar and perfect fluid matter. In this respect, we formulate the general inequalities of energy conditions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-11 M. Zubair , Saira Waheed

In our study, we explored the properties of a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type V I0 Universe. Our investigation centered on integrating cosmic domain walls into the f(R, T) theory of gravitation, initially proposed by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-05 V. R. Patil , J. L. Pawde , R. V. Mapari , S. K. Waghmare