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Related papers: Generic warp drives violate the null energy condit…

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The weak energy condition is known to fail in general when applied to expectation values of the the energy momentum tensor in flat space quantum field theory. It is shown how the usual counter arguments against its validity are no longer…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 J. I. Latorre , H. Osborn

Presented are toy-models for sub-luminal and super-luminal warp-drives in 3+1 dimensions. The models are constructed in a chimeric manner - as different bulk space-times separated by thin membranes. The membranes contain perfect-fluid-like…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-29 Greg Huey

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) was proposed to constrain Effective Field Theories (EFTs) with Abelian gauge symmetry coupled to gravity. In this article, I study the WGC from low energy observers' perspective, and revisit the issue of to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-09 Kazuyuki Furuuchi

We argue that many future-eternal inflating spacetimes are likely to violate the weak energy condition. It is possible that such spacetimes may not enforce any of the known averaged conditions either. If this is indeed the case, it may open…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Arvind Borde , Alex Vilenkin

I show that a quantized Klein-Gordon field in Minkowski space obeys an `operational' weak energy condition: the energy of an isolated device constructed to measure or trap the energy in a region, plus the energy it measures or traps, cannot…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Adam D. Helfer

The averaged null energy condition (ANEC) requires that the integral over a complete null geodesic of the stress-energy tensor projected onto the geodesic tangent vector is never negative. This condition is sufficient to prove many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Noah Graham , Ken D. Olum

It is well-known that gravitationally induced vacuum polarization often violates the point-wise energy conditions and sometimes violates the averaged energy conditions. In this paper I begin a systematic attack on the question of where and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Matt Visser

Modified gravity is one of the most favorable candidates for explaining the current accelerating expansion of the Universe. In this regard, we study the viability of an alternative gravitational theory, namely $f(R,G)$, by imposing energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-30 K. Atazadeh , F. Darabi

In the framework of the theory of general relativity, in order to obtain stable traversable wormholes, matter needs to violate the null energy condition. It is well known that the violation of the energy condition (EC) of matter leads to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-22 Jianbo Lu , Shining Yang , Yan Liu , Yuying Zhang , Yu Liu

Quantum fields can notoriously violate the null energy condition (NEC). In a cosmological context, NEC violation can lead to, e.g., dark energy at late times with an equation-of-state parameter smaller than $-1$ and nonsingular bounces at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 Elly Moghtaderi , Brayden R. Hull , Jerome Quintin , Ghazal Geshnizjani

In this paper we study the so called "warp drive" spacetimes within the $U_{4}$ Riemann-Cartan manifolds of Einstein-Cartan theory. Specifically, the role that spin may play with respect to energy condition violation is considered. It turns…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-09 Andrew DeBenedictis , Sasa Ilijic

In the context of Einstein gravity, if the null energy condition (NEC) is satisfied, the energy density in expanding space-times always decreases while in contracting space-times the energy density grows and the universe eventually…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-07-04 Anna Ijjas , Justin Ripley , Paul J. Steinhardt

An energy condition, in the context of a wide class of spacetime theories (including general relativity), is, crudely speaking, a relation one demands the stress-energy tensor of matter satisfy in order to try to capture the idea that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Erik Curiel

In general relativity, the energy conditions are invoked to restrict general energy-momentum tensors $T_{\mu\nu}$ in different frameworks, and to derive general results that hold in a variety of general contexts on physical grounds. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Santos , J. S. Alcaniz , N. Pires , M. J. Reboucas

We critically examine proposals for the so-called warp-drive spacetimes and classify these models based on their various restrictions within the framework of General Relativity. We then provide a summary of general formalism for each class,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-19 Hamed Barzegar , Thomas Buchert , Quentin Vigneron

The weak gravity conjecture (WGC) is an ultraviolet consistency condition asserting that an Abelian force requires a state of charge $q$ and mass $m$ with $q>m/m_{\rm Pl}$. We generalize the WGC to product gauge groups and study its tension…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-07-31 Clifford Cheung , Grant N. Remmen

"Warp drive" spacetimes and wormhole geometries are useful as "gedanken-experiments" that force us to confront the foundations of general relativity, and among other issues, to precisely formulate the notion of "superluminal" travel and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-11 Miguel Alcubierre , Francisco S. N. Lobo

We argue that ``effective'' superluminal travel, potentially caused by the tipping over of light cones in Einstein gravity, is always associated with violations of the null energy condition (NEC). This is most easily seen by working…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-08-20 Matt Visser , Bruce Bassett , Stefano Liberati

Despite originating in science fiction, warp drives have a concrete description in general relativity, with Alcubierre first proposing a spacetime metric that supported faster-than-light travel. Whilst there are numerous practical barriers…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-02 Katy Clough , Tim Dietrich , Sebastian Khan

Weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) is a basic principle that guarantees the predictability of spacetime and should be valid in any classical theories. One critical scientific question is whether the WCCC can serve as a constraint to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-05 Jie Jiang , Aofei Sang , Ming Zhang