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Inspired by distributed algorithms, we introduce a new class of finite graph automata that recognize precisely the graph languages definable in monadic second-order logic. For the cases of words and trees, it has been long known that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-28 Fabian Reiter

Symbolic Finite Automata and Register Automata are two orthogonal extensions of finite automata motivated by real-world problems where data may have unbounded domains. These automata address a demand for a model over large or infinite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Loris D'Antoni , Tiago Ferreira , Matteo Sammartino , Alexandra Silva

Probabilistic automata are an extension of nondeterministic finite automata in which transitions are annotated with probabilities. Despite its simplicity, this model is very expressive and many of the associated algorithmic questions are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Nathanaël Fijalkow , Cristian Riveros , James Worrell

We present a few classes of synchronizing automata exhibiting certain extremal properties with regard to synchronization. The first is a series of automata with subsets whose shortest extending words are of length $\varTheta(n^2)$, where…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-04 Andrzej Kisielewicz , Marek Szykuła

Linear automata are automata with two reading heads starting from the two extremes of the input, are equivalent to 5' -> 3' Watson-Crick (WK) finite automata. The heads read the input in opposite directions and the computation finishes when…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Benedek Nagy

We show that every two-way deterministic finite automaton (2DFA) that solves one-way liveness on height h has Omega(h^2) states. This implies a quadratic lower bound for converting one-way nondeterministic finite automata to 2DFAs, which…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Kehinde Adeogun , Christos Kapoutsis

In this article we consider two-way two-tape (alternating) automata accepting pairs of words and we study some closure properties of this model. Our main result is that such alternating automata are not closed under complementation for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Olivier Carton , Léo Exibard , Olivier Serre

In dynamical systems such as cellular automata and iterated maps, it is often useful to look at a language or set of symbol sequences produced by the system. There are well-established classification schemes, such as the Chomsky hierarchy,…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Kristian Lindgren , Cristopher Moore , Mats G. Nordahl

In automata theory, while determinisation provides a standard route to solving many common problems in automata theory, some weak forms of nondeterminism can be dealt with in some problems without costly determinisation. For example, the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Thomas A. Henzinger , Keya Prakash , K. S. Thejaswini

In this paper we explore languages of higher-dimensional automata (HDAs) from an algebraic and logical point of view. Such languages are sets of finite width-bounded interval pomsets with interfaces (ipomsets) closed under order extension.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Amazigh Amrane , Hugo Bazille , Emily Clement , Uli Fahrenberg , Marie Fortin , Krzysztof Ziemiański

Many of the numerous automaton models proposed in the literature can be regarded as a finite automaton equipped with an additional storage mechanism. In this thesis, we focus on two such models, namely the finite automata over groups and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Özlem Salehi

Recently, an infinite hierarchy of languages accepted by stateless deterministic pushdown automata has been established based on the number of pushdown symbols. However, the witness language for the n-th level of the hierarchy is over an…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-27 Tomáš Masopust

Automata learning is a successful tool for many application domains such as robotics and automatic verification. Typically, automata learning techniques operate in a supervised learning setting (active or passive) where they learn a finite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Simon Lutz , Daniil Kaminskyi , Florian Wittbold , Simon Dierl , Falk Howar , Barbara König , Emmanuel Müller , Daniel Neider

We consider the synthesis of deterministic tree transducers from automaton definable specifications, given as binary relations, over finite trees. We consider the case of specifications that are deterministic top-down tree automatic,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Christof Löding , Sarah Winter

We introduce partially ordered two-way B\"uchi automata and characterize their expressive power in terms of fragments of first-order logic FO[<]. Partially ordered two-way B\"uchi automata are B\"uchi automata which can change the direction…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Manfred Kufleitner , Alexander Lauser

When the game Lights Out is played according to an algorithm specifying the player's sequence of moves, it can be modeled using deterministic cellular automata. One such model reduces to the $\sigma$ automaton, which evolves according to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Avi Vadali , Ari Turner

Any two-way finite state automaton is equivalent to some one-way finite state automaton. This well-known result, shown by Rabin and Scott and independently by Shepherdson, states that two-way finite state automata (even non-deterministic)…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Emmanuel Filiot , Olivier Gauwin , Pierre-Alain Reynier , Frédéric Servais

The simulation of deterministic pushdown automata defined over a one-letter alphabet by finite state automata is investigated from a descriptional complexity point of view. We show that each unary deterministic pushdown automaton of size s…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-05-11 Giovanni Pighizzini

The class of Boolean combinations of tree languages recognized by deterministic top-down tree automata (also known as deterministic root-to-frontier automata) is studied. The problem of determining for a given regular tree language whether…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Christof Löding , Wolfgang Thomas

We generalize the concept of synchronizing words for finite automata, which map all states of the automata to the same state, to deterministic visibly push-down automata. Here, a synchronizing word w does not only map all states to the same…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Henning Fernau , Petra Wolf