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The Azadkia-Chatterjee coefficient is a rank-based measure of dependence between a random variable $Y \in \mathbb{R}$ and a random vector ${\boldsymbol Z} \in \mathbb{R}^{d_Z}$. In this paper, we propose a multivariate extension that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Wenjie Huang , Zonghan Li , Yuhao Wang

In this paper, we propose a novel Euclidean-distance-based coefficient, named differential distance correlation, to measure the strength of dependence between a random variable $ Y \in \mathbb{R} $ and a random vector $ \boldsymbol{X} \in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Yixiao Liu , Pengjian Shang

Quantifying the strength of functional dependence between random scalars $X$ and $Y$ is an important statistical problem. While many existing correlation coefficients excel in identifying linear or monotone functional dependence, they fall…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-27 Muhong Gao , Qizhai Li

In this article, we consider the problem of testing the independence between two random variables. Our primary objective is to develop tests that are highly effective at detecting associations arising from explicit or implicit functional…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-21 Seetharaman P , Sagnik Das , Angshuman Roy

While researchers commonly use the bootstrap for statistical inference, many of us have realized that the standard bootstrap, in general, does not work for Chatterjee's rank correlation. In this paper, we provide proof of this issue under…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-06 Zhexiao Lin , Fang Han

Identifying dependency between two random variables is a fundamental problem. The clear interpretability and ability of a procedure to provide information on the form of possible dependence is particularly important when exploring…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-27 Bogdan Ćmiel , Teresa Ledwina

We suggest novel correlation coefficients which equal the maximum correlation for a class of bivariate Lancaster distributions while being only slightly smaller than maximum correlation for a variety of further bivariate distributions. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-01 Hajo Holzmann , Bernhard Klar

Correlation analysis is a fundamental problem in statistics. In this paper, we consider the correlation detection problem between a pair of Erdos-Renyi graphs. Specifically, the problem is formulated as a hypothesis testing problem: under…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Dong Huang , Pengkun Yang

A new computationally efficient dependence measure, and an adaptive statistical test of independence, are proposed. The dependence measure is the difference between analytic embeddings of the joint distribution and the product of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-18 Wittawat Jitkrittum , Zoltan Szabo , Arthur Gretton

We introduce an independence criterion based on entropy regularized optimal transport. Our criterion can be used to test for independence between two samples. We establish non-asymptotic bounds for our test statistic and study its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-21 Lang Liu , Soumik Pal , Zaid Harchaoui

Independence testing is a fundamental problem in statistical inference: given samples from a joint distribution $p$ over multiple random variables, the goal is to determine whether $p$ is a product distribution or is $\epsilon$-far from all…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Alireza Azizi , Ria Stevens

It is frequently of interest to jointly analyze two paired sequences of multiple tests. This paper studies the problem of detecting whether there are more pairs of tests that are significant in both sequences than would be expected by…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-06-26 Sihai Dave Zhao , T. Tony Cai , Hongzhe Li

This paper develops an intuitive concept of perfect dependence between two variables of which at least one has a nominal scale. Perfect dependence is attainable for all marginal distributions. It furthermore proposes a set of dependence…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-05 Jan-Lukas Wermuth

This paper is concerned with minimax conditional independence testing. In contrast to some previous works on the topic, which use the total variation distance to separate the null from the alternative, here we use the Wasserstein distance.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Matey Neykov , Larry Wasserman , Ilmun Kim , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

Testing the independence between random vectors is a fundamental problem in statistics. Distance correlation, a recently popular dependence measure, is universally consistent for testing independence against all distributions with finite…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-22 Yuwei Ke , Hok Kan Ling , Yanglei Song

This paper studies the spectral behavior of large dimensional Chatterjee's rank correlation matrix when observations are independent draws from a high-dimensional random vector with independent continuous components. We show that the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Zhaorui Dong , Fang Han , Jianfeng Yao

The rank correlation \xi(X,Y), recently established by Sourav Chatterjee and already popular in the statistics literature, takes values in [0,1], where 0 characterizes independence of X and Y, and 1 characterizes perfect dependence of Y on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Jonathan Ansari , Marcus Rockel

Multiple hypothesis testing is a fundamental problem in high dimensional inference, with wide applications in many scientific fields. In genome-wide association studies, tens of thousands of tests are performed simultaneously to find if any…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-11-16 Jianqing Fan , Xu Han , Weijie Gu

The central limit theorem (CLT) is one of the most fundamental results in probability; and establishing its rate of convergence has been a key question since the 1940s. For independent random variables, a series of recent works established…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Tianle Liu , Morgane Austern

Test of independence plays a fundamental role in many statistical techniques. Among the nonparametric approaches, the distance-based methods (such as the distance correlation based hypotheses testing for independence) have numerous…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-24 Cheng Huang , Xiaoming Huo