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Phylogenetic networks are notoriously difficult to reconstruct. Here we suggest that it can be useful to view unknown genetic distance along edges in phylogenetic networks as analogous to unknown resistance in electric circuits. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-01 Stefan Forcey , Drew Scalzo

Phylogenetic networks provide a framework for representing evolutionary histories involving reticulate events such as hybridization or horizontal gene transfer. A central problem is to infer such networks from local structural information.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Patricia A. Ebert , Marc Hellmuth

Reticulate evolution gives rise to complex phylogenetic networks, making their interpretation challenging. A typical approach is to extract trees within such networks. Since Francis and Steel's seminal paper, "Which Phylogenetic Networks…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Takatora Suzuki , Momoko Hayamizu

Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees by allowing the modelization of events of reticulate evolution. Among the different kinds of phylogenetic networks that have been proposed in the literature, the subclass of binary…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Gabriel Cardona , Joan Carles Pons , Celine Scornavacca

Phylogenetic trees are simple models of evolutionary processes. They describe conditionally independent divergent evolution of taxa from common ancestors. Phylogenetic trees commonly do not have enough flexibility to adequately model all…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Jonathan D. Mitchell , Barbara R. Holland

Phylogenetic networks represent evolutionary history of species and can record natural reticulate evolutionary processes such as horizontal gene transfer and gene recombination. This makes phylogenetic networks a more comprehensive…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-15 Remie Janssen , Pengyu Liu

The reconstruction of phylogenetic networks is an important but challenging problem in phylogenetics and genome evolution, as the space of phylogenetic networks is vast and cannot be sampled well. One approach to the problem is to solve the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-14 Louxin Zhang , Niloufar Abhari , Caroline Colijn , Yufeng Wu

Phylogenetic networks are directed acyclic graphs that depict the genomic evolution of related taxa. Reticulation nodes in such networks (nodes with more than one parent) represent reticulate evolutionary events, such as recombination,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-21 Alexey Markin , Sriram Vijendran , Oliver Eulenstein

Inferring the phylogenetic relationships among a sample of organisms is a fundamental problem in modern biology. While distance-based hierarchical clustering algorithms achieved early success on this task, these have been supplanted by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Benjamin K. Rosenzweig , Matthew W. Hahn

Phylogenetic networks model reticulate evolutionary histories. The last two decades have seen an increased interest in establishing mathematical results and developing computational methods for inferring and analyzing these networks. A…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-06-24 Jiafan Zhu , Yun Yu , Luay Nakhleh

Tree-based networks are a class of phylogenetic networks that attempt to formally capture what is meant by "tree-like" evolution. A given non-tree-based phylogenetic network, however, might appear to be very close to being tree-based, or…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-17 Mareike Fischer , Andrew Francis

Phylogenetic networks are increasingly used in evolutionary biology to represent the history of species that have undergone reticulate events such as horizontal gene transfer, hybrid speciation and recombination. One of the most fundamental…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-07 Philippe Gambette , Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Fabio Pardi , Celine Scornavacca

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that are used to represent non-tree-like evolutionary histories that arise in organisms such as plants and bacteria, or uncertainty in evolutionary histories. An…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-12-08 Andrew Francis , Katharina Huber , Vincent Moulton

Phylogenetic networks provide a way to describe and visualize evolutionary histories that have undergone so-called reticulate evolutionary events such as recombination, hybridization or horizontal gene transfer. The level k of a network…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-07-21 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Matthias Mnich

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees to leaf-labeled directed acyclic graphs that represent ancestral relationships between species whose past includes non-tree-like events such as hybridization and horizontal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Janosch Döcker , Simone Linz , Charles Semple

Phylogenetic networks are a type of directed acyclic graph that represent how a set $X$ of present-day species are descended from a common ancestor by processes of speciation and reticulate evolution. In the absence of reticulate evolution,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Andrew Francis , Charles Semple , Mike Steel

Inference of species networks from genomic data under the Network Multispecies Coalescent Model is currently severely limited by heavy computational demands. It also remains unclear how complicated networks can be for consistent inference…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-10 Elizabeth S. Allman , Hector Baños , Jonathan D. Mitchell , John A. Rhodes

Real-world networks typically exhibit several aspects, or layers, of interactions among their nodes. By permuting the role of the nodes and the layers, we establish a new criterion to construct the dual of a network. This approach allows to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-10-01 Charley Presigny , Marie-Constance Corsi , Fabrizio De Vico Fallani

Identifiability is a crucial property for a statistical model since distributions in the model uniquely determine the parameters that produce them. In phylogenetics, the identifiability of the tree parameter is of particular interest since…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Benjamin Hollering , Seth Sullivant

Many methods have been developed for finding the commonalities between different organisms to study their phylogeny. The structure of metabolic networks also reveal valuable insights into metabolic capacity of species as well as into the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2016-04-08 Krishanu Deyasi , Anirban Banerjee , Bony Deb