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Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) are psychometric models designed to classify examinees according to their proficiency or non-proficiency of specified latent characteristics. These models are well-suited for providing diagnostic and…

Applications · Statistics 2023-08-01 Matthew J. Madison , Stefanie A Wind , Lientje Maas , Kazuhiro Yamaguchi , Sergio Haab

Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are a family of discrete latent attribute models that serve as statistical basis in educational and psychological cognitive diagnosis assessments. CDMs aim to achieve fine-grained inference on individuals'…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-08 Zhuoran Shang , Elena A. Erosheva , Gongjun Xu

This paper establishes fundamental results for statistical inference of diagnostic classification models (DCM). The results are developed at a high level of generality, applicable to essentially all diagnostic classification models. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-08 Guanhua Fang , Jingchen Liu , Zhiliang Ying

Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are restricted latent class models widely used to measure attributes of interest in diagnostic assessments across education, psychology, biomedical sciences, and related fields. Partial-mastery CDMs…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-16 Camilo Cárdenas-Hurtado , Sze Ming Lee , Yunxiao Chen , Irini Moustaki

Cognitive diagnosis models have been popularly used in fields such as education, psychology, and social sciences. While parametric likelihood estimation is a prevailing method for fitting cognitive diagnosis models, nonparametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Chengyu Cui , Yanlong Liu , Gongjun Xu

Discrete choice models (DCMs) are used to analyze individual decision-making in contexts such as transportation choices, political elections, and consumer preferences. DCMs play a central role in applied econometrics by enabling inference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-19 Daniel F. Villarraga , Ricardo A. Daziano

Rating procedure is crucial in many applied fields (e.g., educational, clinical, emergency). It implies that a rater (e.g., teacher, doctor) rates a subject (e.g., student, doctor) on a rating scale. Given raters variability, several…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-14 Giuseppe Mignemi , Ioanna Manolopoulou

Regression models are used for inference and prediction in a wide range of applications providing a powerful scientific tool for researchers and analysts from different fields. In many research fields the amount of available data as well as…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-08 Aliaksandr Hubin , Geir Storvik , Florian Frommlet

Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) are psychometric models for evaluating a student's mastery of the essential skills in a content domain based upon their responses to a set of test items. Currently, diagnostic model and/or Q-matrix…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-03 Christy Brown , Jonathan Templin

Evidence accumulation models (EAMs) are an important class of cognitive models used to analyze both response time and response choice data recorded from decision-making tasks. Developments in estimation procedures have helped EAMs become…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-01 Viet Hung Dao , David Gunawan , Robert Kohn , Minh-Ngoc Tran , Guy E. Hawkins , Scott D. Brown

To extend cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs) to longitudinal settings, stepwise approaches that integrate a CDM model with a latent transition model and covariates are widely used due to their flexibility. Previous research has shown that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-20 Yawen Ma , Anastasia Ushakova , Kate Cain , Gabriel Wallin

Diagnostic classification models (DCMs) offer statistical tools to inspect the fined-grained attribute of respondents' strengths and weaknesses. However, the diagnosis accuracy deteriorates when misspecification occurs in the predefined…

Computation · Statistics 2025-01-08 Motonori Oka , Kensuke Okada

A number of parametric and nonparametric methods for estimating cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) have been developed and applied in a wide range of contexts. However, in the literature, a wide chasm exists between these two families of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-08 Chenchen Ma , Jimmy de la Torre , Gongjun Xu

Bayesian averaging over classification models allows the uncertainty of classification outcomes to be evaluated, which is of crucial importance for making reliable decisions in applications such as financial in which risks have to be…

State of the art large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on a variety of benchmark tasks and are increasingly used as components in larger applications, where LLM-based predictions serve as proxies for human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Michael Franke , Polina Tsvilodub , Fausto Carcassi

Standard evaluations of Bayesian deep learning methods assume that metric estimates are reliable, but we show this assumption fails under data scarcity. Method rankings are not only unreliable at small $n$, but also dataset-dependent in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Qishi Zhan , Minxuan Hu , Guansu Wang , Jiaxin Liu , Liang He

In this technical note, we address an unresolved challenge in neuroimaging statistics: how to determine which of several datasets is the best for inferring neuronal responses. Comparisons of this kind are important for experimenters when…

As a statistical tool to assist formative assessments in educational settings, diagnostic classification models (DCMs) have been increasingly used to provide diagnostic information regarding examinees' attributes. DCMs often adopt a…

Computation · Statistics 2022-08-24 Motonori Oka , Shun Saso , Kensuke Okada

Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as alternatives to human experts for estimating unknown quantities with associated uncertainty, a process known as Bayesian elicitation. We test this by asking eleven LLMs to estimate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Luka Hobor , Mario Brcic , Mihael Kovac , Kristijan Poje

An important objective in biomedical risk assessment is estimation of minimum exposure levels that induce a pre-specified adverse response in a target population. The exposure/dose points in such settings are known as Benchmark Doses…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-02-18 Qijun Fang , Walter W. Piegorsch , Susan J. Simmons , Xiaosong Li , Cuixian Chen , Yishi Wang
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