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The goal of this paper is to survey the history, development and current status of the Return Times Theorem and its many extensions and variations. Let $(X, \mathcal{F}, \mu)$ be a finite measure space and let $T:X \rightarrow X$ be a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-09-06 Idris Assani , Kimberly Presser

This paper contributes to a theory of the behaviour of "finite-state" systems that is generic in the system type. We propose that such systems are modeled as coalgebras with a finitely generated carrier for an endofunctor on a locally…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-23 Stefan Milius , Dirk Pattinson , Thorsten Wißmann

The set of natural integers is fundamental for at least two reasons: it is the free induction algebra over the empty set (and at such allows definitions of maps by primitive recursion) and it is the free monoid over a one-element set, the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-05-15 Laurent Poinsot

We give a proof for the fundamental theorem of algebra,using the Fredholm index phenomena

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-02-12 Ali Taghavi

A number of categories is presented that are algebraically complete and cocomplete, i.e., every endofunctor has an initial algebra and a terminal coalgebra. For all finitary (and, more generally, all precontinuous) set functors the initial…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Jiri Adamek

A number of categories is presented that are algebraically complete and cocomplete, i.e., every endofunctor has an initial algebra and a terminal coalgebra. For all finitary (and, more generally, all precontinuous) set functors the initial…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jiří Adámek

This paper presents an alternative proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that has several distinct advantages. The proof is based on simple ideas involving continuity and differentiation. Visual software demonstrations can be used to…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-10-02 Christopher Thron , Jordan T. Barry

The notion of initial ideal for an ideal of a polynomial ring appears in the theory of Gr\"obner basis. Similarly to the initial ideals, we can define the initial algebra for a subalgebra of a polynomial ring, or more generally of a Laurent…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Shigeru Kuroda

We present a collection of results that imply that an endofunctor on a category has a terminal object obtainable as a countable limit of its terminal-coalgebra chain. This holds for finitary endofunctors preserving nonempty binary…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiří Adámek , Stefan Milius , Lawrence S. Moss

Algebraic injectivity was introduced to capture homotopical structures like algebraic Kan complexes. But at a much simpler level, it allows one to describe sets with operations subject to no equations. If one wishes to add equations (or…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-31 John Bourke

The purpose of this note is to resolve a conjecture in arXiv:2307.00442(4), regarding the initial algebra for the enrichment endofunctor $(-)\mathbf{Cat}$ over general symmetric monoidal $(\infty, 1)$-categories. We prove that Ad\'amek's…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-25 Zach Goldthorpe

The purpose of these notes is to provide an introduction to the Steenrod algebra in an algebraic manner avoiding any use of cohomology operations. The Steenrod algebra is presented as a subalgebra of the algebra of endomorphisms of a…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2009-03-31 Larry Smith

The aim of this paper is to establish some results regarding Infinite Iterated Function Systems with the help of the Tarski-Kantorovitch fixed-point principles for maps on partially ordered sets. To this end we introduce two new classes of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Bogdan-Alexandru Luchian

In many instances in first order logic or computable algebra, classical theorems show that many problems are undecidable for general structures, but become decidable if some rigidity is imposed on the structure. For example, the set of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Emmanuel Jeandel

Let $\sigma$ denote an endomorphism of a smooth algebraic group $G$ over the algebraic closure of a finite field, and assume all iterates of $\sigma$ have finitely many fixed points. Steinberg gave a formula for the number of fixed points…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Jakub Byszewski , Gunther Cornelissen , Marc Houben

The new notion of adjoint algebraic entropy of endomorphisms of Abelian groups is introduced. Various examples and basic properties are provided. It is proved that the adjoint algebraic entropy of an endomorphism equals the algebraic…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2010-06-29 Dikran Dikranjan , Anna Giordano Bruno , Luigi Salce

This is the first paper in a series on intrinsic Donaldson-Thomas theory, where we develop a new framework for enumerative geometry that allows the generalization of constructions and results from linear moduli stacks to general non-linear…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Chenjing Bu , Daniel Halpern-Leistner , Andrés Ibáñez Núñez , Tasuki Kinjo

We develop Algebraic Phase Theory (APT), an axiomatic framework for extracting intrinsic algebraic structure from phase based analytic data. From minimal admissible phase input we prove a general phase extraction theorem that yields…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-02-18 Joe Gildea

This article critically reappraises arguments in support of Cantor's theory of transfinite numbers. The following results are reported: i) Cantor's proofs of nondenumerability are refuted by analyzing the logical inconsistencies in…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-02-25 J. A. Perez

Poincare's last geometric theorem (Poincare-Birkhoff Theorem) states that any area-preserving twist map of annulus has at least two fixed points. We replace the area-preserving condition with a weaker intersection property, which states…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Peizheng Yu , Zhihong Xia