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The black-box nature of Large Language Models necessitates novel evaluation frameworks that transcend surface-level performance metrics. This study investigates the internal neural representations of cognitive complexity using Bloom's…

This paper explores the automatic classification of exam questions and learning outcomes according to Bloom's Taxonomy. A small dataset of 600 sentences labeled with six cognitive categories - Knowledge, Comprehension, Application,…

Blooms Taxonomy (BT) have been used to classify the objectives of learning outcome by dividing the learning into three different domains; the cognitive domain, the effective domain and the psychomotor domain. In this paper, we are…

Although large language models (LLMs) excel in knowledge recall and reasoning, their static nature leads to outdated information as the real world evolves or when adapting to domain-specific knowledge, highlighting the need for effective…

Bloom taxonomy is a common paradigm for categorizing educational learning objectives into three learning levels: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. For the optimization of educational programs, it is crucial to design course learning…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Assessing higher-order thinking skills in large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge, especially in tasks that go beyond surface-level accuracy. In this work, we propose THiNK (Testing Higher-order Notion of Knowledge), a…

Knowledge-enhanced neural machine reasoning has garnered significant attention as a cutting-edge yet challenging research area with numerous practical applications. Over the past few years, plenty of studies have leveraged various forms of…

Estimating the cognitive complexity of reading comprehension (RC) items is crucial for assessing item difficulty before it is administered to learners. Unlike syntactic and semantic features, such as passage length or semantic similarity…

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has profoundly transformed the paradigms of information retrieval and problem-solving, enabling students to access information acquisition more efficiently to support learning. However, there is…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on various medical benchmarks, but their capabilities across different cognitive levels remain underexplored. Inspired by Bloom's Taxonomy, we propose a…

Software design in Software Engineering is a critical and dynamic cognitive process. Accurate and flawless system design will lead to fast coding and early completion of a software project. Blooms taxonomy classifies cognitive domain into…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant improvements in reasoning capabilities through supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning. However, when training reasoning models, these approaches are primarily applicable…

This study evaluates the integration of Bloom's Taxonomy into OneClickQuiz, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven plugin for automating Multiple-Choice Question (MCQ) generation in Moodle. Bloom's Taxonomy provides a structured framework…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in computer science education for tasks such as tutoring, content generation, and code assessment. However, systematic evaluations aligned with formal curricula and certification…

Recent studies show that the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be improved by applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to question-answering (QA) tasks in areas such as math and coding. With a long context length, LLMs…

Developing literacy with unfamiliar data visualization techniques such as Parallel Coordinate Plots (PCPs) can be a significant challenge for students. We adopted the Revised Bloom's taxonomy to instruct students on Parallel Coordinate…

Curriculum learning for training LLMs requires a difficulty signal that aligns with reasoning while remaining scalable and interpretable. We propose a simple premise: tasks that demand deeper depth of thought for humans should also be…

In accordance with Bloom's taxonomy, a four-level evaluation abstraction was generated with the objective of structuring and hierarchizing curricula knowledge, allowing students to dominate a subject and progressively reach the top of…

Cognitive Reframing, a core element of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), helps individuals reinterpret negative experiences by finding positive meaning. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated improved…