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Most large language models are fine-tuned using either expensive human-annotated data or GPT-4 generated data which cannot guarantee performance in certain domains. We argue that although the web-crawled data often has formatting errors…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Jing Zhou , Chenglin Jiang , Wei Shen , Xiao Zhou , Xiaonan He

Large language models (LLMs) are among the best methods for processing natural language, partly due to their versatility. At the same time, domain-specific LLMs are more practical in real-life applications. This work introduces a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Arkadiusz Bryłkowski , Jakub Klikowski

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in replicating human tasks and boosting productivity. However, their direct application for data extraction presents limitations due to a prioritisation of fluency over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Aman Ahluwalia , Suhrud Wani

Technical documents contain a fair amount of unnatural language, such as tables, formulas, pseudo-codes, etc. Unnatural language can be an important factor of confusing existing NLP tools. This paper presents an effective method of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-03-20 Myungha Jang , Jinho D. Choi , James Allan

The availability of large on-line text corpora provides a natural and promising bridge between the worlds of natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML). In recent years, the NLP community has been aggressively investigating…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Stephen Soderland , Wendy Lehnert

Pretraining large language models (LLMs) on high-quality, structured data such as mathematics and code substantially enhances reasoning capabilities. However, existing math-focused datasets built from Common Crawl suffer from degraded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , Sanjeev Satheesh , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Mostofa Patwary , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro

With a large amount of parallel data, neural machine translation systems are able to deliver human-level performance for sentence-level translation. However, it is costly to label a large amount of parallel data by humans. In contrast,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Guokun Lai , Zihang Dai , Yiming Yang

We describe the development, characteristics and availability of a test collection for the task of Web table retrieval, which uses a large-scale Web Table Corpora extracted from the Common Crawl. Since a Web table usually has rich context…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Zhiyu Chen , Shuo Zhang , Brian D. Davison

Organisations disclose their privacy practices by posting privacy policies on their website. Even though users often care about their digital privacy, they often don't read privacy policies since they require a significant investment in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Mukund Srinath , Shomir Wilson , C. Lee Giles

Large scale contextual representation models have significantly advanced NLP in recent years, understanding the semantics of text to a degree never seen before. However, they need to process large amounts of data to achieve high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Daniel Garcia Bernal , Lodovico Giaretta , Sarunas Girdzijauskas , Magnus Sahlgren

The performance of large language models (LLMs) is deeply influenced by the quality and composition of their training data. While much of the existing work has centered on English, there remains a gap in understanding how to construct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Thales Sales Almeida , Rodrigo Nogueira , Helio Pedrini

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in various tasks, however, there remains a significant lack of open-source models and data for specific domains. Previous work has primarily focused on manually specifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhaoye Fei , Yunfan Shao , Linyang Li , Zhiyuan Zeng , Conghui He , Qipeng Guo , Hang Yan , Dahua Lin , Xipeng Qiu

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has become one of the leading application areas in the current Artificial Intelligence boom. Transfer learning has enabled large deep learning neural networks trained on the language modeling task to vastly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Csaba Veres

Over recent years, an increasing amount of compute and data has been poured into training large language models (LLMs), usually by doing one-pass learning on as many tokens as possible randomly selected from large-scale web corpora. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Kushal Tirumala , Daniel Simig , Armen Aghajanyan , Ari S. Morcos

Large multimodal models trained on natural documents, which interleave images and text, outperform models trained on image-text pairs on various multimodal benchmarks. However, the datasets used to train these models have not been released,…

Large language models (LLMs) under-perform on low-resource languages due to limited training data. We present a method to efficiently collect text data for low-resource languages from the entire Common Crawl corpus. Our approach,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Bethel Melesse Tessema , Akhil Kedia , Tae-Sun Chung

Probing or fine-tuning (large-scale) pre-trained models results in state-of-the-art performance for many NLP tasks and, more recently, even for computer vision tasks when combined with image data. Unfortunately, these approaches also entail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting

Having a clean dataset has been the foundational assumption of most natural language processing (NLP) systems. However, properly written text is rarely found in real-world scenarios and hence, oftentimes invalidates the aforementioned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Ayush Singh , Navpreet Singh , Shubham Vatsal

We have now entered the era of trillion parameter machine learning models trained on billion-sized datasets scraped from the internet. The rise of these gargantuan datasets has given rise to formidable bodies of critical work that has…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Abeba Birhane , Vinay Uday Prabhu , Emmanuel Kahembwe

The field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is growing rapidly, with new research published daily along with an abundance of tutorials, codebases and other online resources. In order to learn this dynamic field or stay up-to-date on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Alexander R. Fabbri , Irene Li , Prawat Trairatvorakul , Yijiao He , Wei Tai Ting , Robert Tung , Caitlin Westerfield , Dragomir R. Radev