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Designing 3D scenes is currently a creative task that requires significant expertise and effort in using complex 3D design interfaces. This effortful design process starts in stark contrast to the easiness with which people can use language…

Graphics · Computer Science 2017-03-02 Angel X. Chang , Mihail Eric , Manolis Savva , Christopher D. Manning

Simulation is a crucial component of any robotic system. In order to simulate correctly, we need to write complex rules of the environment: how dynamic agents behave, and how the actions of each of the agents affect the behavior of others.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Seung Wook Kim , Yuhao Zhou , Jonah Philion , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

Generating 3D scenes from natural language holds great promise for applications in gaming, film, and design. However, existing methods struggle with automation, 3D consistency, and fine-grained control. We present DreamScene, an end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Haoran Li , Yuli Tian , Kun Lan , Yong Liao , Lin Wang , Pan Hui , Peng Yuan Zhou

Real-world data collection for embodied agents remains costly and unsafe, calling for scalable, realistic, and simulator-ready 3D environments. However, existing scene-generation systems often rely on rule-based or task-specific pipelines,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hongchi Xia , Xuan Li , Zhaoshuo Li , Qianli Ma , Jiashu Xu , Ming-Yu Liu , Yin Cui , Tsung-Yi Lin , Wei-Chiu Ma , Shenlong Wang , Shuran Song , Fangyin Wei

Modern robots can perform a wide range of simple tasks and adapt to diverse scenarios in the well-trained environment. However, deploying pre-trained robot models in real-world user scenarios remains challenging due to their limited…

3D Content Generation is at the heart of many computer graphics applications, including video gaming, film-making, virtual and augmented reality, etc. This paper proposes a novel deep-learning based approach for automatically generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yongzhi Xu , Yonhon Ng , Yifu Wang , Inkyu Sa , Yunfei Duan , Zhenhong Sun , Yang Li , Pan Ji , Hongdong Li

We introduce the Scene Language, a visual scene representation that concisely and precisely describes the structure, semantics, and identity of visual scenes. It represents a scene with three key components: a program that specifies the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yunzhi Zhang , Zizhang Li , Matt Zhou , Shangzhe Wu , Jiajun Wu

Synthesizing natural human motion that adapts to complex environments while allowing creative control remains a fundamental challenge in motion synthesis. Existing models often fall short, either by assuming flat terrain or lacking the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Xiaohan Zhang , Sebastian Starke , Vladimir Guzov , Zhensong Zhang , Eduardo Pérez Pellitero , Gerard Pons-Moll

We describe an open-source simulator that creates sensor irradiance and sensor images of typical automotive scenes in urban settings. The purpose of the system is to support camera design and testing for automotive applications. The user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Zhenyi Liu , Minghao Shen , Jiaqi Zhang , Shuangting Liu , Henryk Blasinski , Trisha Lian , Brian Wandell

Testing and evaluation of robotics systems is a difficult and oftentimes tedious task due to the systems' complexity and a lack of tools to conduct reproducible robotics experiments. Additionally, almost all available tools are either…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Frederik Pasch , Florian Mirus , Yongzhou Zhang , Kay-Ulrich Scholl

The development of software components for autonomous driving functions should always include an extensive and rigorous evaluation. Since real-world testing is expensive and safety-critical -- especially when facing dynamic racing scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Tim Stahl , Johannes Betz

Safety-critical scenarios are central to evaluating autonomous driving systems, yet their rarity in naturalistic logs makes simulation-based stress testing indispensable. Most scenario generation methods treat surrounding agents as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Qiyu Ruan , Yuxuan Wang , He Li , Zhenning Li , Cheng-zhong Xu

Diffusion models are advancing autonomous driving by enabling realistic data synthesis, predictive end-to-end planning, and closed-loop simulation, with a primary focus on temporally consistent generation. However, large-scale 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yu Yang , Alan Liang , Jianbiao Mei , Yukai Ma , Yong Liu , Gim Hee Lee

We present a new, fast and flexible pipeline for indoor scene synthesis that is based on deep convolutional generative models. Our method operates on a top-down image-based representation, and inserts objects iteratively into the scene by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Daniel Ritchie , Kai Wang , Yu-an Lin

Scenario generation is one of the essential steps in scenario-based testing and, therefore, a significant part of the verification and validation of driver assistance functions and autonomous driving systems. However, the term scenario…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Barbara Schütt , Joshua Ransiek , Thilo Braun , Eric Sax

Driving scene manipulation with sensor data is emerging as a promising alternative to traditional virtual driving simulators. However, existing frameworks struggle to generate realistic scenarios efficiently due to limited editing…

Generating coherent and useful image/video scenes from a free-form textual description is technically a very difficult problem to handle. Textual description of the same scene can vary greatly from person to person, or sometimes even for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Faria Huq , Nafees Ahmed , Anindya Iqbal

Self-driving software pipelines include components that are learned from a significant number of training examples, yet it remains challenging to evaluate the overall system's safety and generalization performance. Together with scaling up…

Text-to-3D scene generation from natural language is highly desirable for digital content creation. However, existing methods are largely domain-restricted or reliant on predefined spatial relationships, limiting their capacity for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jun Luo , Jiaxiang Tang , Ruijie Lu , Gang Zeng

Cyber-physical systems like autonomous vehicles are tested in simulation before deployment, using domain-specific programs for scenario specification. To aid the testing of autonomous vehicles in simulation, we design a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Rimvydas Rubavicius , Antonio Valerio Miceli-Barone , Alex Lascarides , Subramanian Ramamoorthy