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Deep learning enables the development of efficient end-to-end speech processing applications while bypassing the need for expert linguistic and signal processing features. Yet, recent studies show that good quality speech resources and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-16 Adriana Stan

Conversion of Chinese Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P) plays an important role in Mandarin Chinese Text-To-Speech (TTS) systems, where one of the biggest challenges is the task of polyphone disambiguation. Most of the previous polyphone…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Chunyu Qiang , Peng Yang , Hao Che , Jinba Xiao , Xiaorui Wang , Zhongyuan Wang

Machine learning models allow us to compare languages by showing how hard a task in each language might be to learn and perform well on. Following this line of investigation, we explore what makes a language "hard to pronounce" by modelling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Domenic Rosati

We compare phone labels and articulatory features as input for cross-lingual transfer learning in text-to-speech (TTS) for low-resource languages (LRLs). Experiments with FastSpeech 2 and the LRL West Frisian show that using articulatory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Phat Do , Matt Coler , Jelske Dijkstra , Esther Klabbers

Phoneme-based ASR factorizes recognition into speech-to-phoneme (S2P) and phoneme-to-grapheme (P2G), enabling cross-lingual acoustic sharing while keeping language-specific orthography in a separate module. While large language models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Lukuang Dong , Ziwei Li , Saierdaer Yusuyin , Xianyu Zhao , Zhijian Ou

Automated speech recognition coverage of the world's languages continues to expand. However, standard phoneme based systems require handcrafted lexicons that are difficult and expensive to obtain. To address this problem, we propose a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-17 Arindrima Datta , Guanlong Zhao , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Eugene Weinstein

Most Chinese Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P) systems employ a three-stage framework that first transforms input sequences into character embeddings, obtains linguistic information using language models, and then predicts the phonemes based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Jungjun Kim , Changjin Han , Gyuhyeon Nam , Gyeongsu Chae

This research optimizes two-pass cross-lingual transfer learning in low-resource languages by enhancing phoneme recognition and phoneme-to-grapheme translation models. Our approach optimizes these two stages to improve speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Wonjun Lee , Gary Geunbae Lee , Yunsu Kim

Pronunciation modeling is a key task for building speech technology in new languages, and while solid grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) mapping systems exist, language coverage can stand to be improved. The information needed to build G2P models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Tania Chakraborty , Manasa Prasad , Theresa Breiner , Sandy Ritchie , Daan van Esch

In this paper, we introduce two resources: (i) G2P+, a tool for converting orthographic datasets to a consistent phonemic representation; and (ii) IPA CHILDES, a phonemic dataset of child-centered speech across 31 languages. Prior tools for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zébulon Goriely , Paula Buttery

Transformer-based models have recently become very popular for sequence-to-sequence applications such as machine translation and speech recognition. This work proposes a dual-decoder transformer model for low-resource multilingual speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Krishna D N

Recent advances in spoken language processing have led to substantial progress in phonetic tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR), phone recognition (PR), grapheme-to-phoneme conversion (G2P), and phoneme-to-grapheme conversion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Chin-Jou Li , Kalvin Chang , Shikhar Bharadwaj , Eunjung Yeo , Kwanghee Choi , Jian Zhu , David Mortensen , Shinji Watanabe

In automatic speech recognition (ASR), phoneme-based multilingual pre-training and crosslingual fine-tuning is attractive for its high data efficiency and competitive results compared to subword-based models. However, Weighted Finite State…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Te Ma , Min Bi , Saierdaer Yusuyin , Hao Huang , Zhijian Ou

This paper presents an accented text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis framework with limited training data. We study two aspects concerning accent rendering: phonetic (phoneme difference) and prosodic (pitch pattern and phoneme duration)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-09 Xuehao Zhou , Mingyang Zhang , Yi Zhou , Zhizheng Wu , Haizhou Li

Recently, pre-trained models with phonetic supervision have demonstrated their advantages for crosslingual speech recognition in data efficiency and information sharing across languages. However, a limitation is that a pronunciation lexicon…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Saierdaer Yusuyin , Te Ma , Hao Huang , Zhijian Ou

Language models are typically trained on large corpora of text in their default orthographic form. However, this is not the only option; representing data as streams of phonemes can offer unique advantages, from deeper insights into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zébulon Goriely , Richard Diehl Martinez , Andrew Caines , Lisa Beinborn , Paula Buttery

Sequence-to-sequence translation methods based on generation with a side-conditioned language model have recently shown promising results in several tasks. In machine translation, models conditioned on source side words have been used to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-21 Kaisheng Yao , Geoffrey Zweig

Automatic Phoneme Recognition (APR) systems are often trained using pseudo phoneme-level annotations generated from text through Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P) systems. These G2P systems frequently output multiple possible pronunciations per…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Henry Grafé , Hugo Van hamme

In this paper, we present how to hybridize a Word2vec model and an attention-based end-to-end speech recognition model. We build a phoneme recognition system based on Listen, Attend and Spell model. And the phoneme recognition model uses a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Xin Feng , Lei Wang

This work focuses on modelling a speaker's accent that does not have a dedicated text-to-speech (TTS) frontend, including a grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) module. Prior work on modelling accents assumes a phonetic transcription is available for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-12 Georgi Tinchev , Marta Czarnowska , Kamil Deja , Kayoko Yanagisawa , Marius Cotescu