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It is widely believed that loops observed in the solar atmosphere trace out magnetic field lines. However, the degree to which magnetic field extrapolations yield field lines that actually do follow loops has yet to be studied…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 Harry P. Warren , Nicholas A. Crump , Ignacio Ugarte-Urra , Xudong Sun , Markus J. Aschwanden , Thomas Wiegelmann

Aims. The magnetic field of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) determines their structure, evolution, and energetics, as well as their geoeffectiveness. However, we currently lack routine diagnostics of the near-Sun CME magnetic field, which is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-02 S. Patsourakos , M. K. Georgoulis

Energy stored in the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere above active regions is a key driver of all solar activity (e.g., solar flares and coronal mass ejections), some of which can affect life on Earth. Radio observations provide a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Stephen M. White , Dale E. Gary , Tim S. Bastian

The magnetic field permeating the solar atmosphere is generally thought to provide the energy for much of the activity seen in the solar corona, such as flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), etc. To overcome the unavailability of coronal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Tilaye Tadesse , T. Wiegelmann , S. Gosain , P. MacNeice , Alexei A. Pevtsov

For all involved in astronomy, the importance of monitoring and determining astrophysical magnetic field strengths is clear. It is also a well-known fact that the corona magnetic fields play an important part in the origin of solar flares…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Ran Si , Tomas Brage , Wenxian Li , Jon Grumer , Meichun Li , Roger Hutton

The plasma-$\beta$ is an important fundamental physical quantity in solar plasma physics, which determines the dominating process in the solar atmosphere, i.e., magnetic or thermodynamic processes. Here, for the first time, we provide…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Ananya Rawat , Girjesh Gupta , Tom Van Doorsselaere , S. Krishna Prasad , Robertus Erdélyi

Magnetic field couples the solar interior to the solar atmosphere, known as the corona. The coronal magnetic field is one of the crucial parameters which determines the coronal structures and regulates the space weather phenomena like…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-26 Devojyoti Kansabanik , Divya Oberoi , Surajit Mondal

The origin of the heliospheric magnetic flux on the Sun, and hence the origin of the solar wind, is a topic of hot debate.While the prevailing view is that the solar wind originates from outside coronal streamer helmets, there also exists…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Bo Li , Xing Li , Hui Yu

Some of local sources of the slow solar wind can be associated with spectroscopically detected plasma outflows at edges of active regions accompanied with specific signatures in the inner corona. The EUV telescopes (e.g. SPIRIT/CORONAS-F,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-03 V. Slemzin , L. Harra , A. Urnov , S. Kuzin , F. Goryaev , D. Berghmans

Recent works demonstrated that remote sensing observations of shock waves propagating into the corona and associated with major solar eruptions can be used to derive the strength of coronal magnetic fields met by the shock over a very large…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-22 Alessandro Bemporad , Roberto Susino , Federica Frassati , Silvano Fineschi

Magnetic fields in the sun's outer atmosphere -- the corona -- control both solar-wind acceleration and the dynamics of solar eruptions. We present the first clear observational evidence of coronal magnetic nulls in off-limb linearly…

The structure of the solar corona is dominated by the magnetic field because the magnetic pressure is about four orders of magnitude higher than the plasma pressure. Due to the high conductivity the emitting coronal plasma (visible e.g. in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 T. Wiegelmann , B. Inhester , A. Lagg , S. K. Solanki

Solar activity can be witnessed in the form of sunspots and active regions, where the magnetic field is enhanced by up to a factor 1000 as compared to that of the quiet Sun. In addition, solar activity manifests itself in terms of flares,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-25 Gottfried Mann , Frédéric Schuller

The solar atmosphere being magnetic in nature, the understanding of the structure and evolution of the magnetic field in different regions of the solar atmosphere has been an important task over the past decades. This task has been made…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 S. Regnier

Using extreme-ultraviolet images, we recently proposed a new and alternative formation mechanism for coronal rain along magnetically open field lines due to interchange magnetic reconnection. In this paper we report coronal rain at…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-16 Leping Li , Hardi Peter , Lakshmi Pradeep Chitta , Hongqiang Song

In this ISSI-supported series of studies on magnetic helicity in the Sun, we systematically implement different magnetic helicity calculation methods on high-quality solar magnetogram observations. We apply finite-volume, discrete flux tube…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-24 J. K. Thalmann , M. K. Georgoulis , Y. Liu , E. Pariat , G. Valori , S. Anfinogentov , F. Chen , Y. Guo , K. Moraitis , S. Yang , A. Mastrano

The Sun is replete with magnetic fields, with sunspots, pores and plage regions being their most prominent representatives on the solar surface. But even far away from these active regions, magnetic fields are ubiquitous. To a large extent,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-05 Andreas Lagg , Bruce Lites , Jack Harvey , Sanjay Gosain , Rebecca Centeno

We estimate the energy input into the solar corona from photospheric footpoint motions, using observations of a plage region by the Hinode Solar Optical Telescope. Assuming a perfectly ideal coronal evolution, two alternative lower bounds…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-08 A. R. Yeates , F. Bianchi , B. T. Welsch , P. J. Bushby

Recently, it has been proposed that the magnetic-field-induced transition (MIT) in Fe X can be used to measure coronal magnetic field strengths. Several techniques, the direct line ratio technique and the weak and strong magnetic field…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Yajie Chen , Xianyong Bai , Hui Tian , Wenxian Li , Feng Chen , Zihao Yang , Yang Yang

The plasma contributing to emission from the Sun between the cool chromosphere ($\le 10^4$K) and hot corona ($\ge 10^6$K) has been subjected to many different interpretations. Here we look at the magnetic structure of this transition region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Philip G. Judge