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Hybrid quantum-classical computing in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era with variational algorithms can exhibit barren plateau issues, causing difficult convergence of gradient-based optimization techniques. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-08 Po-Wei Huang , Patrick Rebentrost

Recent advances in quantum architectures and computing have motivated the development of new optimizing compilers for quantum programs or circuits. Even though steady progress has been made, existing quantum optimization techniques remain…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Jatin Arora , Mingkuan Xu , Sam Westrick , Pengyu Liu , Dantong Li , Yongshan Ding , Umut A. Acar

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) utilize a hybrid quantum-classical architecture to recast problems of high-dimensional linear algebra as ones of stochastic optimization. Despite the promise of leveraging near- to intermediate-term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Oliver Knitter , James Stokes , Shravan Veerapaneni

Variational quantum algorithms are viewed as promising candidates for demonstrating quantum advantage on near-term devices. These approaches typically involve the training of parameterized quantum circuits through a classical optimization…

We provide several quantum algorithms for continuous optimization that do not require gradient estimation. Instead, we encode the optimization problem into the dynamics of a physical system and coherently simulate the time evolution. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Ahmet Burak Catli , Sophia Simon , Nathan Wiebe

Variational quantum algorithms and, in particular, variants of the varational quantum eigensolver have been proposed to address combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. Using only shallow ansatz circuits, these approaches are deemed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Tim Schwägerl , Yahui Chai , Tobias Hartung , Karl Jansen , Stefan Kühn

Applications such as simulating complicated quantum systems or solving large-scale linear algebra problems are very challenging for classical computers due to the extremely high computational cost. Quantum computers promise a solution,…

Quantum processors promise a paradigm shift in high-performance computing which needs to be assessed by accurate benchmarking measures. In this work, we introduce a new benchmark for variational quantum algorithm (VQA), recently proposed as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Walter Vinci , Alireza Shabani

We propose a technique for optimizing parameterized circuits in variational quantum algorithms based on the probabilistic tensor sampling optimization. This method allows one to relax random initialization issues or heuristics for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-01 G. V. Paradezhenko , A. A. Pervishko , D. Yudin

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) stand as a prominent strategy for constructing quantum machine learning models. These models comprise both a quantum and a classical component.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-01 Lucas Friedrich , Jonas Maziero

Quantum Computing aims to streamline machine learning, making it more effective with fewer trainable parameters. This reduction of parameters can speed up the learning process and reduce the use of computational resources. However, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Michael Kölle , Timo Witter , Tobias Rohe , Gerhard Stenzel , Philipp Altmann , Thomas Gabor

Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) play an essential role in the application of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The PQCs are a leading candidate to achieve a quantum advantage in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Joona V. Pankkonen , Matti Raasakka , Andrea Marchesin , Ilkka Tittonen

Quantum algorithms are of great interest for their possible use in optimization problems. In particular, variational algorithms that use classical counterparts to optimize parameters hold promise for use in currently existing devices.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Bruno Oziel Fernandez , Rodrigo Bloot , Marcelo Moret

An important application for near-term quantum computing lies in optimization tasks, with applications ranging from quantum chemistry and drug discovery to machine learning. In many settings --- most prominently in so-called parametrized or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Maria Schuld , Ville Bergholm , Christian Gogolin , Josh Izaac , Nathan Killoran

Quantum machine learning has emerged as a promising utilization of near-term quantum computation devices. However, algorithmic classes such as variational quantum algorithms have been shown to suffer from barren plateaus due to vanishing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Lukas Broers , Ludwig Mathey

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) provide a promising approach to achieving quantum advantage for practical problems on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Thus far, most studies on VQAs have focused on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-06 Yutaro Enomoto , Keitaro Anai , Kenta Udagawa , Shuntaro Takeda

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) optimize the parameters $\vec{\theta}$ of a parametrized quantum circuit $V(\vec{\theta})$ to minimize a cost function $C$. While VQAs may enable practical applications of noisy quantum computers, they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 M. Cerezo , Akira Sone , Tyler Volkoff , Lukasz Cincio , Patrick J. Coles

With rapid advancements in machine learning, first-order algorithms have emerged as the backbone of modern optimization techniques, owing to their computational efficiency and low memory requirements. Recently, the connection between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Jiaqi Leng , Bin Shi

An essential component of many sophisticated metaheuristics for solving combinatorial optimization problems is some variation of a local search routine that iteratively searches for a better solution within a chosen set of immediate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-05 M. Podobrii , V. Kuzmin , V. Voloshinov , M. Veshchezerova , M. R. Perelshtein

The performance of variational quantum algorithms relies on the success of using quantum and classical computing resources in tandem. Here, we study how these quantum and classical components interrelate. In particular, we focus on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Juneseo Lee , Alicia B. Magann , Herschel A. Rabitz , Christian Arenz