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Heuristics and cognitive biases are an integral part of human decision-making. Automatically detecting a particular cognitive bias could enable intelligent tools to provide better decision-support. Detecting the presence of a cognitive bias…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Stephen Pilli

Aggregating multiple annotations into a single ground truth label may hide valuable insights into annotator disagreement, particularly in tasks where subjectivity plays a crucial role. In this work, we explore methods for identifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Amir Homayounirad , Enrico Liscio , Tong Wang , Catholijn M. Jonker , Luciano C. Siebert

Simple quality metrics such as PSNR are known to not correlate well with subjective quality when tested across a wide spectrum of video content or quality regime. Recently, efforts have been made in designing objective quality metrics…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Zhi Li , Christos G. Bampis

A new method based on the rejection sampling for finding statistical tests is proposed. This method is conceptually intuitive, easy to implement, and applicable for arbitrary dimension. To illustrate its potential applicability, three…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-11 Markku Kuismin

Informal first-person narratives are a unique resource for computational models of everyday events and people's affective reactions to them. People blogging about their day tend not to explicitly say I am happy. Instead they describe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Lena Reed , Jiaqi Wu , Shereen Oraby , Pranav Anand , Marilyn Walker

Subjective responses from Multimedia Quality Assessment (MQA) experiments are conventionally analysed with methods not suitable for the data type these responses represent. Furthermore, obtaining subjective responses is resource intensive.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Jakub Nawała , Lucjan Janowski , Bogdan Ćmiel , Krzysztof Rusek , Pablo Pérez

Recently, widespread 3D graphics (e.g., point clouds and meshes) have drawn considerable efforts from academia and industry to assess their perceptual quality by conducting subjective experiments. However, lacking a handy software for 3D…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Songlin Fan , Wei Gao

Subjective teacher evaluations play a key role in shaping students' educational trajectories. Previous studies have shown that students of low socioeconomic status (SES) receive worse subjective evaluations than their high SES peers, even…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-16 Thomas van Huizen , Madelon Jacobs , Matthijs Oosterveen

Sentiment Analysis Systems (SASs) are data-driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that, given a piece of text, assign one or more numbers conveying the polarity and emotional intensity expressed in the input. Like other automatic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Kausik Lakkaraju , Biplav Srivastava , Marco Valtorta

Large language models (LLMs) can serve as judges that offer rapid and reliable assessments of other LLM outputs. However, models may systematically assign overly favorable ratings to their own outputs, a phenomenon known as self-bias, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Evangelia Spiliopoulou , Riccardo Fogliato , Hanna Burnsky , Tamer Soliman , Jie Ma , Graham Horwood , Miguel Ballesteros

In the criminal legal context, risk assessment algorithms are touted as data-driven, well-tested tools. Studies known as validation tests are typically cited by practitioners to show that a particular risk assessment algorithm has…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Benjamin Laufer

Past work on personality detection has shown that frequency of lexical categories such as first person pronouns, past tense verbs, and sentiment words have significant correlations with personality traits. In this paper, for the first time,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-09-26 Saif M. Mohammad , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Self-report questionnaires have long been used to assess LLM personality traits, yet they fail to capture behavioral nuances due to biases and meta-knowledge contamination. This paper proposes a novel multi-observer framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yin Jou Huang , Rafik Hadfi

The aim of this paper is to firmly establish subjective fiducial inference as a rival to the more conventional schools of statistical inference, and to show that Fisher's intuition concerning the importance of the fiducial argument was…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-08 Russell J. Bowater

Causal inference with observational studies often suffers from unmeasured confounding, yielding biased estimators based on the unconfoundedness assumption. Sensitivity analysis assesses how the causal conclusions change with respect to…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-01 Sizhu Lu , Peng Ding

Many biological, psychological and economic experiments have been designed where an organism or individual must choose between two options that have the same expected reward but differ in the variance of reward received. In this way,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-09-20 Jared M. Field , Michael B. Bonsall

Observational studies are needed when experiments are not possible. Within study comparisons (WSC) compare observational and experimental estimates that test the same hypothesis using the same treatment group, outcome, and estimand.…

Offline evaluation of language models from usage logs is biased when model choice is confounded: the same user-side factors that influence which model is used can also influence how its output is judged, so raw comparisons of logged scores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jikai Jin , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Given the concerns around the existing subjective and objective policy evaluation approaches, this study proposes a new combined subjective-objective policy evaluation approach to choose better policy that reflects the will of citizens and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Misa Owa , Junichi Miyakoshi , Takeshi Kato

In real-world image enhancement, it is often challenging (if not impossible) to acquire ground-truth data, preventing the adoption of distance metrics for objective quality assessment. As a result, one often resorts to subjective quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Cao Peibei , Wang Zhangyang , Ma Kede