English
Related papers

Related papers: A peek outside our Universe

200 papers

Quantum theory, general relativity, the standard model of particle physics, and the $\Lambda$CDM model of cosmology have all been spectacularly successful within their respective regimes of applicability, but many central problems remain…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Roland E. Allen

This paper considers the nature of apparent horizons for astrophysical black hole situated in a realistic cosmological context. Using semi-tetrad covariant methods we study the local evolutions of the boundaries of the trapped region in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-14 George F R Ellis , Rituparno Goswami , Aymen I. M. Hamid , Sunil D. Maharaj

While most of the singularities of General Relativity are expected to be safely hidden behind event horizons by the cosmic censorship conjecture, we happen to live in the causal future of the classical big bang singularity, whose resolution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 Razieh Pourhasan , Niayesh Afshordi , Robert B. Mann

The Universe has a gravitational horizon, coincident with the Hubble sphere, that plays an important role in how we interpret the cosmological data. Recently, however, its significance as a true horizon has been called into question, even…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-26 Fulvio Melia

We consider ever-expanding Big Bang models with a cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, and investigate in detail the evolution of the observable part of the universe. We also discuss quintessence models from the same point of view. A new…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Einar H. Gudmundsson , Gunnlaugur Bjornsson

We present a brief history of the construction of models of the universe, followed by calculations of quantitative characteristics of basic geometric and kinematic properties of the Standard Cosmological Model ($\Lambda$CDM). Using the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-23 D. I. Nagirner , S. G. Jorstad , A. V. Dementyev

In this essay we discuss the difference in views of the Universe as seen by two different observers. While one of the observers follows a geodesic congruence defined by the geometry of the cosmological model, the other observer follows the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Alan A. Coley , Sigbjorn Hervik , Woei Chet Lim

The Universe has a gravitational horizon with a radius R_h=c/H coincident with that of the Hubble sphere. This surface separates null geodesics approaching us from those receding, and as free-falling observers within the…

General Physics · Physics 2019-04-19 Fulvio Melia

We define a universe as the contents of a spacetime box with comoving walls, large enough to contain essentially all phenomena that can be conceivably measured. The initial time is taken as the epoch when the lowest CMB modes undergo…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 James D. Bjorken

We discuss the evolution of the universe in the context of the second law of thermodynamics from its early stages to the far future. Cosmological observations suggest that most matter and radiation will be absorbed by the cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-03 Andrew P. Lundgren , Ruxandra Bondarescu , Mihai Bondarescu

In this work, we outline a new general relativistic cosmology. In this cosmology, the universe originates in the infinite past from sparsely distributed neutral matter and ends in the infinite future as a hot, relativistic plasma. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sanjay M. Wagh

Cosmic gamma-ray bursts are one of the great frontiers of astrophysics today. They are a playground of relativists and observers alike. They may teach us about the death of stars and the birth of black holes, the physics in extreme…

The recently unveiled deep-field images from the James Webb Space Telescope have renewed interest in what we can and cannot see of the universe. Answering these questions requires understanding the so-called "cosmological horizons" and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-15 Michele Re Fiorentin , Stefano Re Fiorentin

The backbone of standard cosmology is the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker solution to Einstein's equations of general relativity (GR). In recent years, observations have largely confirmed many of the properties of this model, which is based on a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Fulvio Melia , Andrew Shevchuk

Super-high energy corpuscular and gamma rays as well as cosmic high--power density sources are hard to explain in a galaxy model framework. Attempts to include some of those phenomena in the Standard Cosmological Model also encounter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Anatoli Vankov

Questions such as whether we live in a spatially finite universe, and what its shape and size may be, are among the fundamental open problems that high precision modern cosmology needs to resolve. These questions go beyond the scope of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. J. Reboucas , G. I. Gomero

The common nature of dark matter and dark energy is argued in [1] based on the approach that the cosmological constant \Lambda enters the weak-field General Relativity following from Newton theorem on the "sphere-point mass" equivalency…

General Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 V. G. Gurzadyan , A. Stepanian

Assuming that the universe is homogenous and isotropic and applying Gauss' flux theorem for gravity, it follows that the gravitational field of the visible universe can be calculated as if the entire mass of the visible universe is located…

General Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Branislav Vlahovic

We present a theory based upon the treatment of the gravitational field as a sea of gravity quanta, as defined elsewhere. The resultant model for the Universe is a static one, like Einstein first saw, with a new feature: a local shrinking…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Antonio Alfonso-Faus

In cosmology based on general relativity, the universe is modeled as a fluid. The transition from the Einstein field equation to its large-scale (cosmological) version is thus analogous to the transition, for a system consisting of a large…

General Physics · Physics 2018-10-18 Gregory Ryskin