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All five KEK and J-PARC two-body $\Xi^-$+$^A$Z $\to$ $^{A'}_{\Lambda}$Z'+$^{A''}_{\Lambda}$Z'' capture events in light emulsion nuclei, including KISO and IBUKI in $^{14}$N, are consistent with Coulomb-assisted $1p_{\Xi^-}$ nuclear states.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-12-27 Eliahu Friedman , Avraham Gal

We recently showed that all five KEK and J-PARC uniquely assigned two-body $\Xi^-$+${^A}$Z$\to{_{\Lambda}^{A'}}$Z'+${_{\Lambda}^{A''}}$Z'' capture events in CNO light emulsion nuclei are consistent with Coulomb-assisted $1p_{\Xi^-}$ nuclear…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-02-19 Eliahu Friedman , Avraham Gal

In an emulsion-counter hybrid experiment performed at J-PARC, a $\Xi^-$ absorption event was observed which decayed into twin single-$\Lambda$ hypernuclei. Kinematic calculations enabled a unique identification of the reaction process as…

The Strangeness ${\cal S}=-2$ J-PARC E07 emulsion experiment published recently two new $\Xi^-$--$^{14}$N capture events, IRRAWADDY and IBUKI, identified by observing weak-decay sequences of pairs of single-$\Lambda$ hypernuclei and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-12-27 E. Friedman , A. Gal

Bound-systems of $\Xi^-$--$^{14}_{}{\rm N}$ are studied via $\Xi^-$ capture at rest followed by emission of a twin single-$\Lambda$ hypernucleus in the emulsion detectors. Two events forming extremely deep $\Xi^-$ bound states were obtained…

J-PARC E05 reported recently a hint of a $\Xi^--{^{11}{\rm B}}$ nuclear state in the ${^{12}}{\rm C}(K^-,K^+){^{12}_{\Xi}}{\rm Be}$ spectrum, bound by $B_{\Xi^-}=8.9\pm 1.4 {^{+3.8}_{-3.1}}$ MeV. Using a density-dependent $\Xi$-nuclear…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-07-17 E. Friedman , A. Gal

We study the energy spectra of $\Xi$ hypernuclei $^{15}_{\Xi}$C and $^{12}_{\Xi}$Be with a relativistic mean field (RMF) model with meson exchange $\Xi N$ interactions. The RMF parameters are optimized to reproduce the average energy of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-05-04 Yusuke Tanimura , Hiroyuki Sagawa , Tingting Sun , Emiko Hiyama

In the present paper, we study the uncertainties in modeling the collision of complex nuclei (heavy ions) resulting in capture of the nuclei into orbital motion. The effective interaction energy of the nuclei (effective potential) consists…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-05-02 I. I. Gontchar

We investigate double $\Lambda$ hyperfragment formation from the statistical decay of double $\Lambda$ compound nuclei produced in the $\Xi^-$ absorption at rest in light nuclei, $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ and $^{16}\mathrm{O}$.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-03-17 Akira Ohnishi , Chikako Ishizuka , Kohsuke Tsubakihara , Yuichi Hirata

We examine the $\Lambda$-${}^4\mathrm{He}$ ($\alpha$) and $\Xi \alpha$ momentum correlation in high-energy collisions to further elucidate the properties of the hyperon-nucleon interactions. For the $\Lambda\alpha$ system, we compare…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-01-20 Asanosuke Jinno , Yuki Kamiya , Tetsuo Hyodo , Akira Ohnishi

The recent observation of the deeply bound \Xi - hypernucleus ^15_\Xi^-C through the IRRAWADDY and KINKA events provided a crucial benchmark for determining the \Xi-nucleus interaction. This work aims to constrain the depth of this…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-10 Paing Thit Nyein , Kyaw Kyaw Naing , Htun Htun Oo , M. Yamaguchi , Hiroyuki Kamada

The $\Xi N$ interaction is investigated in the quark mean-field (QMF) model based on recent observables of the $\Xi^-+^{14}\rm{N}$ ($_{\Xi^-}^{15}\rm{C}$) system. The experimental data about the binding energy of $1p$-state $\Xi^-$ hyperon…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-01-26 Jinniu Hu , Ying Zhang , Hong Shen

A depth of $D_{\Lambda}\approx -28$ MeV for the $\Lambda$-nucleus potential was confirmed in 1988 by studying $\Lambda$ binding energies deduced from $(\pi^+,K^+)$ spectra measured across the periodic table. Modern two-body hyperon-nucleon…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-01-11 E. Friedman , A. Gal

We review the current status of our study of $K^-$-nuclear interactions and $K^-$-nuclear quasi-bound states. The adopted $K^-$-nuclear optical potential consists of two parts -- the single-nucleon one constructed microscopically from…

We present a review of the recent progress of theoretical models on the description of the formation of superheavy nuclei in collisions of heavy systems. Two sorts of reactions that are the fusion-evaporation mechanism and the massive…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-05-30 Zhao-Qing Feng , Gen-Ming Jin , Jun-Qing Li

The nuclei that constitute a crystalline lattice, oscillate relative to each other with a very low energy that is not sufficient to penetrate through the Coulomb barriers separating them. An additional energy, which is needed to tunnel…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-04-01 V. B. Belyaev , M. B. Miller , J. Otto , S. A. Rakityansky

Experimental evidence exists that the $\Xi$-nucleus interaction is attractive. We search for $NN\Xi$ and $NNN\Xi$ bound systems on the basis of the AV8 $NN$ potential combined with either a phenomenological Nijmegen $\Xi N$ potential or a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-03-16 E. Hiyama , K. Sasaki , T. Miyamoto , T. Doi , T. Hatsuda , Y. Yamamoto , Th. A. Rijken

Experiments with $\Xi^-$ atoms are proposed in order to study the nuclear interaction of $\Xi$ hyperons. The production of $\Xi^-$ in the ($K^{-}$, $K^{+}$) reaction, the $\Xi^-$ stopping in matter, and its atomic cascade are incorporated…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 C. J. Batty , E. Friedman , A. Gal

We discuss recent theoretical developments in low-energy heavy-ion reactions. To this end, we put emphasis on a viewpoint of probing nuclear shapes with heavy-ion reactions. We first discuss a single-channel problem with an optical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-11-14 K. Hagino

A double-$\Lambda$ hypernucleus, ${}_{\Lambda\Lambda}\mathrm{Be}$, was observed by the J-PARC E07 collaboration in nuclear emulsions tagged by the $(K^{-},K^{+})$ reaction. This event was interpreted as a production and decay of $…

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