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Our ability to efficiently and accurately evaluate the quality of machine translation systems has been outrun by the effectiveness of current language models--which limits the potential for further improving these models on more challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Syeda Jannatus Saba , Steven Skiena

Omission and addition of content is a typical issue in neural machine translation. We propose a method for detecting such phenomena with off-the-shelf translation models. Using contrastive conditioning, we compare the likelihood of a full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Jannis Vamvas , Rico Sennrich

Accurate translation of bug reports is critical for efficient collaboration in global software development. In this study, we conduct the first comprehensive evaluation of machine translation (MT) performance on bug reports, analyzing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Avinash Patil , Siru Tao , Aryan Jadon

Machine-translated text plays a crucial role in the communication of people using different languages. However, adversaries can use such text for malicious purposes such as plagiarism and fake review. The existing methods detected a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Hoang-Quoc Nguyen-Son , Tran Phuong Thao , Seira Hidano , Shinsaku Kiyomoto

While machine translation has traditionally relied on large amounts of parallel corpora, a recent research line has managed to train both Neural Machine Translation (NMT) and Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) systems using monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

We reassess a recent study (Hassan et al., 2018) that claimed that machine translation (MT) has reached human parity for the translation of news from Chinese into English, using pairwise ranking and considering three variables that were not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Antonio Toral , Sheila Castilho , Ke Hu , Andy Way

Context-aware neural machine translation (NMT) is a promising direction to improve the translation quality by making use of the additional context, e.g., document-level translation, or having meta-information. Although there exist various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Jingjing Huo , Christian Herold , Yingbo Gao , Leonard Dahlmann , Shahram Khadivi , Hermann Ney

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) generates target words sequentially in the way of predicting the next word conditioned on the context words. At training time, it predicts with the ground truth words as context while at inference it has to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Wen Zhang , Yang Feng , Fandong Meng , Di You , Qun Liu

Corpus Aware Training (CAT) leverages valuable corpus metadata during training by injecting corpus information into each training example, and has been found effective in the literature, commonly known as the "tagging" approach. Models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yi-Hsiu Liao , Cheng Shen , Brenda , Yang

Detecting the translation direction of parallel text has applications for machine translation training and evaluation, but also has forensic applications such as resolving plagiarism or forgery allegations. In this work, we explore an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Michelle Wastl , Jannis Vamvas , Rico Sennrich

With the wide application of machine translation, the testing of Machine Translation Systems (MTSs) has attracted much attention. Recent works apply Metamorphic Testing (MT) to address the oracle problem in MTS testing. Existing MT methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Xiaoyuan Xie , Shuo Jin , Songqiang Chen , Shing-Chi Cheung

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems typically employ maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding to select the highest-scoring translation from the distribution mass. However, recent evidence highlights the inadequacy of MAP decoding, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Di Wu , Yibin Lei , Christof Monz

As machine translation (MT) systems progress at a rapid pace, questions of their adequacy linger. In this study we focus on negation, a universal, core property of human language that significantly affects the semantics of an utterance. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Md Mosharaf Hossain , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Eduardo Blanco , Alexis Palmer

Recent Quality Estimation (QE) models based on multilingual pre-trained representations have achieved very competitive results when predicting the overall quality of translated sentences. Predicting translation errors, i.e. detecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Marina Fomicheva , Lucia Specia , Nikolaos Aletras

Automatic evaluation metrics are central to the development of machine translation systems, yet their robustness under domain shift remains unclear. Most metrics are developed on the Workshop on Machine Translation (WMT) benchmarks, raising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Finn Schmidt , Jan Philip Wahle , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

Improvements in text generation technologies such as machine translation have necessitated more costly and time-consuming human evaluation procedures to ensure an accurate signal. We investigate a simple way to reduce cost by reducing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Belén Saldías , George Foster , Markus Freitag , Qijun Tan

Machine translation (MT) plays an important role in benefiting linguists, sociologists, computer scientists, etc. by processing natural language to translate it into some other natural language. And this demand has grown exponentially over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Ankush Garg , Mayank Agarwal

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is a new approach to machine translation that has made great progress in recent years. However, recent studies show that NMT generally produces fluent but inadequate translations (Tu et al. 2016b; Tu et al.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-02 Xing Wang , Zhengdong Lu , Zhaopeng Tu , Hang Li , Deyi Xiong , Min Zhang

Machine translation (MT) systems that support low-resource languages often struggle on specialized domains. While researchers have proposed various techniques for domain adaptation, these approaches typically require model fine-tuning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Raphaël Merx , Hanna Suominen , Lois Hong , Nick Thieberger , Trevor Cohn , Ekaterina Vylomova

Unlike classical lexical overlap metrics such as BLEU, most current evaluation metrics for machine translation (for example, COMET or BERTScore) are based on black-box large language models. They often achieve strong correlations with human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Christoph Leiter , Piyawat Lertvittayakumjorn , Marina Fomicheva , Wei Zhao , Yang Gao , Steffen Eger