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Data-driven fault diagnostics of safety-critical systems often faces the challenge of a complete lack of labeled data associated with faulty system conditions (i.e., fault types) at training time. Since an unknown number and nature of fault…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Manuel Arias Chao , Bryan T. Adey , Olga Fink

In this tutorial, we explore Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), an essential framework for unsupervised learning, particularly suited for high-dimensional datasets such as neuroimaging. By integrating deep learning with Bayesian inference,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-15 C. Vázquez-García , F. J. Martínez-Murcia , F. Segovia Román , Juan M. Górriz Sáez

Graph representation learning is a fundamental research issue and benefits a wide range of applications on graph-structured data. Conventional artificial neural network-based methods such as graph neural networks (GNNs) and variational…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Hanxuan Yang , Ruike Zhang , Qingchao Kong , Wenji Mao

Semantic segmentation is an important computer vision task, particularly for scene understanding and navigation of autonomous vehicles and UAVs. Several variations of deep neural network architectures have been designed to tackle this task.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Dalia Hareb , Jean Martinet

Learning rich data representations from unlabeled data is a key challenge towards applying deep learning algorithms in downstream tasks. Several variants of variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been proposed to learn compact data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Pan Xiao , Peijie Qiu , Sungmin Ha , Abdalla Bani , Shuang Zhou , Aristeidis Sotiras

In today's digital world, the generation of vast amounts of streaming data in various domains has become ubiquitous. However, many of these data are unlabeled, making it challenging to identify events, particularly anomalies. This task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jin Li , Kleanthis Malialis , Christos G. Panayiotou , Marios M. Polycarpou

Representation learning seeks to expose certain aspects of observed data in a learned representation that's amenable to downstream tasks like classification. For instance, a good representation for 2D images might be one that describes only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Xi Chen , Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Yan Duan , Prafulla Dhariwal , John Schulman , Ilya Sutskever , Pieter Abbeel

Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) has been widely applied as a fundamental generative model in machine learning. For complex samples like imagery objects or scenes, however, VAE suffers from the dimensional dilemma between reconstruction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Deli Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Bo Zhang

Graph representation learning is a fundamental research issue in various domains of applications, of which the inductive learning problem is particularly challenging as it requires models to generalize to unseen graph structures during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Hanxuan Yang , Zhaoxin Yu , Qingchao Kong , Wei Liu , Wenji Mao

This paper presents a neuromorphic system for cognitive load classification in a real-world setting, an Air Traffic Control (ATC) task, using a hardware implementation of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). Electroencephalogram (EEG) and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jiahui An , Chonghao Cai , Olympia Gallou , Sara Irina Fabrikant , Giacomo Indiveri , Elisa Donati

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), known for their low-power, event-driven computation and intrinsic temporal dynamics, are emerging as promising solutions for processing dynamic, asynchronous signals from event-based sensors. Despite their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Rui Zhang , Luziwei Leng , Kaiwei Che , Hu Zhang , Jie Cheng , Qinghai Guo , Jiangxing Liao , Ran Cheng

Reliable visual place recognition (VPR) under dynamic real-world conditions is critical for autonomous robots, yet conventional deep networks remain limited by high computational and energy demands. Inspired by the mammalian navigation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Geoffroy Keime , Nicolas Cuperlier , Benoit R. Cottereau

The data bottleneck has emerged as a fundamental challenge in learning based image restoration methods. Researchers have attempted to generate synthesized training data using paired or unpaired samples to address this challenge. This study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Dihan Zheng , Yihang Zou , Xiaowen Zhang , Chenglong Bao

We address the challenge of training Vision Transformers (ViTs) when labeled data is scarce but unlabeled data is abundant. We propose Semi-Supervised Masked Autoencoder (SSMAE), a framework that jointly optimizes masked image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Atik Faysal , Mohammad Rostami , Reihaneh Gh. Roshan , Nikhil Muralidhar , Huaxia Wang

Vision Transformer (ViT) suffers from data scarcity in semi-supervised learning (SSL). To alleviate this issue, inspired by masked autoencoder (MAE), which is a data-efficient self-supervised learner, we propose Semi-MAE, a pure ViT-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Haojie Yu , Kang Zhao , Xiaoming Xu

This paper introduces a novel framework for robotic vision-based navigation that integrates Hybrid Neural Networks (HNNs) with Spiking Neural Network (SNN)-based filtering to enhance situational awareness for unmodeled obstacle detection…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Reza Ahmadvand , Sarah Safura Sharif , Yaser Mike Banad

For a robot to perform complex manipulation tasks, it is necessary for it to have a good grasping ability. However, vision based robotic grasp detection is hindered by the unavailability of sufficient labelled data. Furthermore, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Mridul Mahajan , Tryambak Bhattacharjee , Arya Krishnan , Priya Shukla , G C Nandi

Learning interpretable representations of data remains a central challenge in deep learning. When training a deep generative model, the observed data are often associated with certain categorical labels, and, in parallel with learning to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Yifan Xue , Michael Ding , Xinghua Lu

We propose a new class of physics-informed neural networks, called physics-informed Variational Autoencoder (PI-VAE), to solve stochastic differential equations (SDEs) or inverse problems involving SDEs. In these problems the governing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-09 Weiheng Zhong , Hadi Meidani

Event-based cameras have recently shown great potential for high-speed motion estimation owing to their ability to capture temporally rich information asynchronously. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), with their neuro-inspired event-driven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Adarsh Kumar Kosta , Kaushik Roy