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We exhibit a generating function of spin Hurwitz numbers analogous to (disconnected) double Hurwitz numbers that is a tau function of the two-component BKP (2-BKP) hierarchy and is a square root of a tau function of the two-component KP…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-06-24 Junho Lee

In this paper, we prove a conjecture of Alexandrov that the generalized Brezin-Gross-Witten tau-functions are hypergeometric tau functions of BKP hierarchy after re-scaling. In particular, this shows that the original BGW tau-function,…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-07-20 Xiaobo Liu , Chenglang Yang

We consider $d$-fold branched coverings of the projective plane $\mathbb{RP}^2$ and show that the hypergeometric tau function of the BKP hierarchy of Kac and van de Leur is the generating function for weighted sums of the related Hurwitz…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Sergei Natanzon , Alexander Orlov

In this paper, we discuss the properties of the generating functions of spin Hurwitz numbers. In particular, for spin Hurwitz numbers with arbitrary ramification profiles, we construct the weighed sums which are given by Orlov's…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Alexander Alexandrov , Sergey Shadrin

Following Zhou's framework, we consider the emergent geometry of the generalized Br\'ezin-Gross-Witten models whose partition functions are known to be a family of tau-functions of the BKP hierarchy. More precisely, we construct a spectral…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Zhiyuan Wang , Chenglang Yang , Qingsheng Zhang

In this paper, we consider the higher Br\'ezin--Gross--Witten tau-functions, given by the matrix integrals. For these tau-functions we construct the canonical Kac--Schwarz operators, quantum spectral curves, and $W^{(3)}$-constraints. For…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Alexander Alexandrov , Saswati Dhara

The quantum spectral curve equation associated to KP $\tau$-functions of hypergeometric type serving as generating functions for rationally weighted Hurwitz numbers is solved by generalized hypergeometric series. The basis elements spanning…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 M. Bertola , J. Harnad

The Brezin-Gross-Witten tau function is a tau function of the KdV hierarchy which arises in the weak coupling phase of the Brezin-Gross-Witten model. It falls within the family of generalized Kontsevich matrix integrals, and its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-04-06 Marco Bertola , Giulio Ruzza

The Brezin-Gross-Witten (BGW) model is one of the basic examples in the class of non-eigenvalue unitary matrix models. The generalized BGW tau-function $\tau_N$ was constructed from a one parametric deformation of the original BGW model…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Gehao Wang

Given a tau-function $\tau(t)$ of the BKP hierarchy satisfying $\tau(0)=1$, we discuss the relation between its BKP-affine coordinates on the isotropic Sato Grassmannian and its BKP-wave function. Using this result, we formulate a type of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Ce Ji , Zhiyuan Wang , Chenglang Yang

The basis elements spanning the Sato Grassmannian element corresponding to the KP $\tau$-function that serves as generating function for rationally weighted Hurwitz numbers are shown to be Meijer $G$-functions. Using their Mellin-Barnes…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 J. Harnad

We continue the investigation of the connection between the genus expansion of matrix models and the $\hbar$ expansion of integrable hierarchies started in arXiv:2008.06416. In this paper, we focus on the $B$KP hierarchy, which corresponds…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-26 Yaroslav Drachov , Aleksandr Zhabin

We derive a formula for the connected $n$-point functions of a tau-function of the BKP hierarchy in terms of its affine coordinates. This is a BKP-analogue of a formula for KP tau-functions proved by Zhou in [arXiv:1507.01679]. Moreover, we…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-07-06 Zhiyuan Wang , Chenglang Yang

In their recent inspiring paper Mironov and Morozov claim a surprisingly simple expansion formula for the Kontsevich-Witten tau-function in terms of the Schur Q-functions. Here we provide a similar conjecture for the Br\'ezin-Gross-Witten…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-01-18 Alexander Alexandrov

For an arbitrary solution to the KdV hierarchy, the generating series of logarithmic derivatives of the tau-function of the solution can be expressed by the basic matrix resolvent via algebraic manipulations. Based on this we develop in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Boris Dubrovin , Di Yang , Don Zagier

It is shown that all $\tau$-functions of BKP hierarchy can be written as Pfaffians of skew-symmetric matrices. $\tau$-functions of BKP hierarchy are parameterized by points in the universal orthogonal Grassmannian manifold (UOGM). The UOGM…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-12-09 Yuancheng Xie

We give a natural definition of open Hurwitz numbers, where the weight of each ramified covering includes an integer parameter $N$ taken to the power that is equal to the number of boundary components of a Riemann surface with boundary…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Alexandr Buryak , Ran J. Tessler , Mikhail Troshkin

We derive an explicit formula for the connected $(n,m)$-point functions associated to an arbitrary diagonal tau-function of the $2$-BKP hierarchy using computation of neutral fermions and boson-fermion correspondence of type $B$, and then…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2023-04-26 Zhiyuan Wang , Chenglang Yang

For an arbitrary solution to the Burgers--KdV hierarchy, we define the tau-tuple $(\tau_1,\tau_2)$ of the solution. We show that the product $\tau_1\tau_2$ admits Buryak's residue formula. Therefore, according to Alexandrov's theorem,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Di Yang , Chunhui Zhou

The KP $\tau$-function of hypergeometric type serving as generating function for quantum weighted Hurwitz numbers is used to compute the Baker function and the corresponding adapted basis elements, expressed as absolutely convergent Laurent…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 J. Harnad , B. Runov
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