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Black hole images obtained by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) by the Event Horizon Telescope are a new tool for testing general relativity in super-strong gravitational fields. These images demonstrated a ring-like structure which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-06 S. V. Chernov , M. A. Shchurov , I. I. Bulygin , A. G. Rudnitskiy

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has successfully revealed the shadow of the supermassive black hole, M87*, with an unprecedented angular resolution of approximately 20 uas at 230 GHz. However, because of limited short baseline lengths,…

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently produced the first horizon-scale image of a supermassive black hole. Expanding the array to include a 3-meter space telescope operating at >200 GHz enables mass measurements of many black holes,…

We investigate the origin of the elliptical ring structure observed in the images of the supermassive black hole M87*, aiming to disentangle contributions from gravitational, astrophysical, and imaging effects. Leveraging the enhanced…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-16 Rohan Dahale , Ilje Cho , Kotaro Moriyama , Kaj Wiik , Paul Tiede , José L. Gómez , Chi-kwan Chan , Roman Gold , Vadim Y. Bernshteyn , Marianna Foschi , Britton Jeter , Hung-Yi Pu , Boris Georgiev , Abhishek V. Joshi , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Iniyan Natarajan , Avery E. Broderick , León D. S. Salas , Koushik Chatterjee , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Uwe Bach , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Baloković , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Michi Bauböck , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Douglas Ferreira Carlos , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Dominic O. Chang , Shami Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Pierre Christian , Nicholas S. Conroy , John E. Conway , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Sergio A. Dzib , Ralph P. Eatough , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Gertie Geertsema , Ciriaco Goddi , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Adam C. Jones , Taehyun Jung , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Mikhail Lisakov , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , Joshua Montgomery , James M. Moran , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Hendrik Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Dhanya G. Nair , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Chunchong Ni , Michael A. Nowak , Junghwan Oh , Hiroki Okino , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Georgios Filippos Paraschos , Jongho Park , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Ben Prather , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Luciano Rezzolla , Angelo Ricarte , Bart Ripperda , Jan Röder , Freek Roelofs , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , Saurabh , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Jonathan Schonfeld , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Sasikumar Silpa , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Efthalia Traianou , Tyler Trent , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , Gunther Witzel , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Nitika Yadlapalli , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Ai-Ling Zeng , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration's image of the compact object at the galactic center is the first direct evidence of the supermassive black hole (BH) Sgr A$^*$. The shadow of Sgr A$^*$ has an angular diameter $d_{sh}= 48.7…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-24 Misba Afrin , Sunny Vagnozzi , Sushant G. Ghosh

High resolution imaging of supermassive black holes shadows is a direct way to verify the theory of general relativity at extreme gravity conditions. Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations at millimeter/sub-millimeter…

Our understanding of strong gravity near supermassive compact objects has recently improved thanks to the measurements made by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). We use here the M87* shadow size to infer constraints on the physical charges…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-02 Prashant Kocherlakota , Luciano Rezzolla , Heino Falcke , Christian M. Fromm , Michael Kramer , Yosuke Mizuno , Antonios Nathanail , Hector Olivares , Ziri Younsi , Kazunori Akiyama , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Balokovic , John Barrett , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Wilfred Boland , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Hope Boyce , Michael Bremer , Christiaan D. Brinkerink , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Do-Young Byun , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Chi-kwan Chan , Shami Chatterjee , Koushik Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Paul M. Chesler , Ilje Cho , Pierre Christian , John E. Conway , James M. Cordes , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Ralph P. Eatough , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Ed Fomalont , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , Per Friberg , H. Alyson Ford , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto Garcia , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Jose L. Gomez , Arturo I. Gomez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Michael H. Hecht , Ronald Hesper , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Taehyun Jung , Mansour Karami , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Tod R. Lauer , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Yan-Rong Li , Zhiyuan Li , Michael Lindqvist , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin Lonsdale , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Ivan Marti-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , James M. Moran , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Cornelia Muller , Gibwa Musoke , Alejandro Mus Mejias , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Masanori Nakamura , Ramesh Narayan , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Joseph Neilsen , Roberto Neri , Chunchong Ni , Aristeidis Noutsos , Michael A. Nowak , Hiroki Okino , Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Ozel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Jongho Park , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Pietu , Richard Plambeck , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Felix M. Potzl , Ben Prather , Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Alexander W. Raymond , Angelo Ricarte , Bart Ripperda , Freek Roelofs , Alan Rogers , Eduardo Ros , Mel Rose , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sanchez , David Sanchez-Arguelles , Mahito Sasada , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Paul Tiede , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Tyler Trent , Efthalia Traianou , Sascha Trippe , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jonathan Weintroub , Norbert Wex , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Doosoo Yoon , Andre Young , Ken Young , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , J. Anton Zensus , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao , The EHT Collaboration

Inspired by the observations of supermassive black hole M87* in \emph{Event Horizon Telescope }(EHT) experiment, a remarkable surge in black hole physics is to use the black hole shadow's observables to distinguish general relativity (GR)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 Yuan Meng , Xiao-Mei Kuang , Zi-Yu Tang

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has provided a new tool for testing the strong-field regime of gravity by imaging the shadows of M87* and Sgr A*. These observations provide the first real opportunity to test whether quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-29 Heena Ali , Sushant G. Ghosh

The fast developments of radio astronomy open a new window to explore the properties of Dark Matter (DM). The recent direct imaging of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of M87 radio galaxy by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-18 Guan-Wen Yuan , Zhan-Fang Chen , Zhao-Qiang Shen , Wen-Qing Guo , Ran Ding , Xiaoyuan Huang , Qiang Yuan

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has revealed the horizon-scale radiation of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), our galaxy's central supermassive black hole, offering a new platform to test gravitational theories. The next step involves studying…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-16 Kotaro Moriyama , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yosuke Mizuno , Indu K. Dihingia , Akhil Uniyal

Searching for violations of the no-hair theorem (NHT) is a powerful way to test gravity, and more generally fundamental physics, particularly with regards to the existence of additional scalar fields. The first observation of a black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-15 Mohsen Khodadi , Alireza Allahyari , Sunny Vagnozzi , David F. Mota

Synthesis imaging of the black hole in the center of the Milky Way, Sgr A*, with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) rests on the assumption of a stationary image. We explore the limitations of this assumption using high-cadence GRMHD…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-15 Lia Medeiros , Chi-kwan Chan , Feryal Ozel , Dimitrios Psaltis , Junhan Kim , Daniel P. Marrone , Aleksander Sadowski

Ongoing millimeter VLBI observations with the Event Horizon Telescope allow unprecedented study of the innermost portion of black hole accretion flows. Interpreting the observations requires relativistic, time-dependent physical modeling.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Jason Dexter , Eric Agol , P. Chris Fragile , Jonathan C. McKinney

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration recently unveiled the first image of the supermassive black hole M87*, which exhibited a ring of angular diameter $\theta_{d}=42 \pm 3 \mu as$, a circularity deviation $\Delta C \leq 0.1$, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-17 Misba Afrin , Sushant G. Ghosh

Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations at 230 GHz have now imaged polarized emission around the supermassive black hole in M87 on event-horizon scales. This polarized synchrotron radiation probes the structure of magnetic fields and the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-06 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Collaborative international efforts under the name of the Event Horizon Telescope project, using sub- mm very long baseline interferometry, are soon expected to provide the first images of the shadow cast by the candidate supermassive black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-26 Ziri Younsi , Alexander Zhidenko , Luciano Rezzolla , Roman Konoplya , Yosuke Mizuno

Black holes described by the Kerr metric can have a theoretical maximum dimensionless spin parameter of $a_\bullet = 1$, but several effects may limit the maximum spin parameter in astrophysical systems. We perform general relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-23 Tegan A. Thomas , Angelo Ricarte , Cora Prather , Hyerin Cho

We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of M87, using observations from April 2017 at 1.3 mm wavelength. These images show a prominent ring with a diameter of ~40 micro-as, consistent with the size and shape of the lensed…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-08 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

We present measurements of the properties of the central radio source in M87 using Event Horizon Telescope data obtained during the 2017 campaign. We develop and fit geometric crescent models (asymmetric rings with interior brightness…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-08 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration