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This paper focuses on consensus problems for high-order, linear multi-agent systems. Undirected communication topologies and fixed, uniform communication time delay are taken into account. This class of problems has been widely study in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-06 Rudy Cepeda-Gomez

Large language models applied to clinical prediction exhibit case-level heterogeneity: simple cases yield consistent outputs, while complex cases produce divergent predictions under minor prompt changes. Existing single-agent strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuxing Lu , Yushuhong Lin , Jason Zhang

There has been substantial work studying consensus problems for which there is a single common final state, although there are many real-world complex networks for which the complete consensus may be undesirable. More recently, the concept…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-07-24 Isaac Klickstein , Louis Pecora , Francesco Sorrentino

We study continuous-time consensus dynamics for multi-agent systems with undirected switching interaction graphs. We establish a necessary and sufficient condition for exponential asymptotic consensus based on the classical theory of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Brian D. O. Anderson , Guodong Shi , Jochen Trumpf

This paper investigates agreement protocols over cooperative and cooperative--antagonistic multi-agent networks with coupled continuous-time nonlinear dynamics. To guarantee convergence for such systems, it is common in the literature to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2015-08-06 Ziyang Meng , Guodong Shi , Karl Henrik Johansson

This work addresses the edge-based synchronization problem in first-order multi-agent systems containing both cooperative and antagonistic interactions with one or multiple leader groups. The presence of multiple leaders and antagonistic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Pelin Sekercioglu , Angela Fontan , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Large Language Model (LLM) agents, which integrate planning, memory, reflection, and tool-use modules, have shown promise in solving complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their sophisticated architectures amplify vulnerability to cascading…

This paper investigates the consensus problem in almost sure sense for uncertain multi-agent systems with noises and fixed topology. By combining the tools of stochastic analysis, algebraic graph theory, and matrix theory, we analyze the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-06-06 Radha F. Gupta , Poom Kumam

Considering some predictive mechanisms, we show that ultrafast average-consensus can be achieved in networks of interconnected agents. More specifically, by predicting the dynamics of the network several steps ahead and using this…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-12-06 Hai-Tao Zhang , Guy-Bart Stan , Michael ZhiQiang Chen , Jan M. Maciejowski , Tao Zhou

An event-triggered control technique for consensus of multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics is presented. This paper extends previous work to consider agents that are connected using directed graphs. Additionally, the approach…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-02-13 Eloy Garcia , Yongcan Cao , Xiaofeng Wang , David W. Casbeer

Autonomous air traffic management (ATM) operations for urban air mobility (UAM) will necessitate the use of distributed protocols for decentralized coordination between aircraft. As UAM operations are time-critical, it will be imperative to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Saswata Paul , Stacy Patterson , Carlos Varela

Recently, we have proposed a framework for verification of agents' abilities in asynchronous multi-agent systems, together with an algorithm for automated reduction of models. The semantics was built on the modeling tradition of distributed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Wojciech Jamroga , Wojciech Penczek , Teofil Sidoruk

Almost all multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms without communication follow the principle of centralized training with decentralized execution. During centralized training, agents can be guided by the same signals, such as the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Zhiwei Xu , Bin Zhang , Dapeng Li , Zeren Zhang , Guangchong Zhou , Hao Chen , Guoliang Fan

Distributed averaging of agent initial conditions is a well-studied problem in context of networked systems where coordination amongst the agents is of paramount importance. The asymptotic nature of convergence of distributed averaging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-04-28 Mangal Prakash , Saurav Talukdar , Sandeep Attree , Sourav Patel , Murti V. Salapaka

In this paper, we study consensus problem in multi-agent system with directed topology by event-triggered feedback control. That is, at each agent, the diffusion coupling feedbacks are based on the information from its latest observations…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-04-07 Xinlei Yi , Wenlian Lu , Tianping Chen

The rapid development of large language model (LLM)-based agents has unlocked new possibilities for autonomous multi-turn reasoning and tool-augmented decision-making. However, their real-world deployment is hindered by severe…

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted much research attention recently. However, unlike its single-agent counterpart, many theoretical and algorithmic aspects of MARL have not been well-understood. In this paper, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Siliang Zeng , Tianyi Chen , Alfredo Garcia , Mingyi Hong

Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) is a collaborative framework in which multiple agents iteratively refine solutions through the generation of reasoning and alternating critique cycles. Current work primarily optimizes intra-round topologies and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yiqing Liu , Hantao Yao , Wu Liu , Allen He , Yongdong Zhang

Across millennia, complex societies have faced the same coordination problem of how to organize collective action among cognitively bounded and informationally incomplete individuals. Different civilizations developed different political…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Chao Fei , Hongcheng Guo , Yanghua Xiao

Linear consensus iterations guarantee asymptotic convergence, thereby, limiting their applicability in applications where consensus value needs to be used in real time to perform a system level task. It also leads to wastage of power and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-22 Mangal Prakash , Saurav Talukdar , Sandeep Attree , Vikas Yadav , Murti Salapaka