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Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has undergone a profound transformation over the past decade, driven by advances in deep learning. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the modern era of ASR, charting its evolution from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Md. Nayeem , Md Shamse Tabrej , Kabbojit Jit Deb , Shaonti Goswami , Md. Azizul Hakim

The rising demand for energy-efficient edge AI systems (e.g., mobile agents/robots) has increased the interest in neuromorphic computing, since it offers ultra-low power/energy AI computation through spiking neural network (SNN) algorithms…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique

With the rising societal demand for more information-processing capacity with lower power consumption, alternative architectures inspired by the parallelism and robustness of the human brain have recently emerged as possible solutions. In…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-02 Emily Toomey , Ken Segall , Karl K. Berggren

Memristive devices present a promising foundation for next-generation information processing by combining memory and computation within a single physical substrate. This unique characteristic enables efficient, fast, and adaptive computing,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Coşku Can Horuz , Andrea Ceni , Claudio Gallicchio , Sebastian Otte

Neuromorphic data carries information in spatio-temporal patterns encoded by spikes. Accordingly, a central problem in neuromorphic computing is training spiking neural networks (SNNs) to reproduce spatio-temporal spiking patterns in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Bleema Rosenfeld , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Echo state networks (ESN), a type of reservoir computing (RC) architecture, are efficient and accurate artificial neural systems for time series processing and learning. An ESN consists of a core of recurrent neural networks, called a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Alireza Goudarzi , Alireza Shabani , Darko Stefanovic

Synergies between advanced communications, computing and artificial intelligence are unraveling new directions of coordinated operation and resiliency in microgrids. On one hand, coordination among sources is facilitated by distributed,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xiaoguang Diao , Yubo Song , Subham Sahoo , Yuan Li

Binary stochastic neurons (BSNs) are excellent hardware accelerators for machine learning. A popular platform for implementing them are low- or zero-energy barrier nanomagnets possessing in-plane magnetic anisotropy (e.g. circular disks or…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Rahnuma Rahman , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

We present an integrated iontronic memristor circuit that reproduces biologically inspired Spike Rate-Dependent Plasticity (SRDP) and functions as a physical nonlinear frequency kernel, which we demonstrate can be used to classify natural…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-23 T. M. Kamsma , Y. Gu , D. Shi , C. Spitoni , M. Dijkstra , R. van Roij , Y. Xie

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a capability which enables a program to process human speech into a written form. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to high-accuracy ASR systems based on deep neural networks,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Thomas Bohnstingl , Ayush Garg , Stanisław Woźniak , George Saon , Evangelos Eleftheriou , Angeliki Pantazi

Embedded systems acquire information about the real world from sensors and process it to make decisions and/or for transmission. In some situations, the relationship between the data and the decision is complex and/or the amount of data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Florian Bacho , Dominique Chu

Networks and systems which exhibit brain-like behavior can analyze information from intrinsically noisy and unstructured data with very low power consumption. Such characteristics arise due to the critical nature and complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-05 Ankit Rao , Sooraj Sanjay , Majid Ahmadi , Anirudh Venugopalrao , Navakanta Bhat , Bart Kooi , Srinivasan Raghavan , Pavan Nukala

The model presented in this research predicts ideal chiral crystal and propose a new direction of designing chiral crystals. Skyrmions are topologically protected and structurally assymetric materials with an exotic spin composition. This…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-07-23 B. U. V Prashanth , Mohammed Riyaz Ahmed

Neuromorphic hardware platforms, such as Intel's Loihi chip, support the implementation of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) as an energy-efficient alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). SNNs are networks of neurons with internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone

Audio classification is paramount in a variety of applications including surveillance, healthcare monitoring, and environmental analysis. Traditional methods frequently depend on intricate signal processing algorithms and manually crafted…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Amlan Basu , Pranav Chaudhari , Gaetano Di Caterina

Neural network hardware is considered an essential part of future edge devices. In this paper, we propose a binary-weight spiking neural network (BW-SNN) hardware architecture for low-power real-time object classification on edge platforms.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Pai-Yu Tan , Po-Yao Chuang , Yen-Ting Lin , Cheng-Wen Wu , Juin-Ming Lu

Coupled networks of mass-spring resonators have attracted growing attention across multiple fundamental and applied research directions, including reservoir computing for artificial intelligence. This has led to the exploration of platforms…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Andrea Grimaldi , Davi R. Rodrigues , Andrea Meo , Francesca Garescì , Giovanni Finocchio

Brain-inspired computing proposes a set of algorithmic principles that hold promise for advancing artificial intelligence. They endow systems with self learning capabilities, efficient energy usage, and high storage capacity. A core concept…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Younes Bouhadjar , Sebastian Siegel , Tom Tetzlaff , Markus Diesmann , Rainer Waser , Dirk J. Wouters

Imminent radio telescope observatories provide massive data rates making deep learning based processing appealing while simultaneously demanding real-time performance at low-energy; prohibiting the use of many artificial neural network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Nicholas J. Pritchard , Andreas Wicenec , Richard Dodson , Mohammed Bennamoun , Dylan R. Muir

In the past years, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have become the de-facto standard to solve tasks in communications engineering that are difficult to solve with traditional methods. In parallel, the artificial intelligence community…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-19 Eike-Manuel Bansbach , Alexander von Bank , Laurent Schmalen